Linux下PHP连接MS SQLServer的办法
server|sqlserver
提出问题
前几天做了一个非常奇怪的项目,我公司开发了一套基于中国联通SGIP协议的SP端短消息服务软件,提供联通130短信服务。这套系统是Windows 2000下的,数据库采用的是微软SQLServer2000,并且已经正常运行了一段时间。而最近由于要在WEB上提供短消息用户的一些信息,就需要从WEB上读写SQLServer数据库,本来SQLServer数据库的最佳搭档应该是微软IIS ASP服务端脚本,但我公司一向认为IIS+ASP的稳定性和安全性都不尽如意,希望能够在Linux下用PHP脚本读写SQLServer。
分析问题
本来PHP脚本读写SQLServer是没有什么问题的,在Apache for windows和Windows IIS下可以工作的很好,一般可以通过ODBC或SQLServer Client连接,这都是Windows下面现成的。但是在Linux下面没有现成的ODBC和SQLServer Client,需要我们自己安装。
解决问题
一、相关软件
freetds 来源:ftp://ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/Linux/ALPHA/freetds/freetds-0.53.tgz
这个软件能够用Linux和Unix连接MS SQLServer和Sybase数据库。
二、安装配置步骤
第一步:编译安装freetds:
得到freetds-0.53.tgz后
cp freetds-0.53.tgz /tmp/. (拷贝freetds包到/tmp目录)
cd /tmp (进入目录)
tar zxvf freetds-0.53.tgz (解压)
cd freetds-0.53 (进入解压后目录)
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/freetds --with-tdsver=7.0
gmake (生成Makefile,我试验过,make也可以)
gmake install (安装)
关于上面configure我想说一下,--prefix=/usr/local/freetds是指安装到/usr/local/freetds这个目录中,--with-tdsver=7.0是指安装tds 7.0版本(最开是我没有加这个编译参数,结果按照默认编译为5.0。5.0连接数据库的端口是4000,不是SQLServer的1433)
第二步:重新编译PHP4
./configure [--with-apxs --with-mysql...] --with-sybase=/usr/local/freetds(请注意是sybase)
make
make install
第三步:配置freetds
vi /usr/local/freetds/etc/freetds.conf
具体配置见该文件中的说明
例: (典型配置)
[sqlserver]
host = sql_server_name_or_host_ip (你的SQLServer机器名字或者IP地址)
port = 1433
tds version = 7.0
在这个配置文件中可以配置Windows域登陆或者SQLServer账号登陆两种方式
第四步:配置php.ini文件
找到 ;extension=mssql70.so
将注释;去掉成
extension=mssql70.so
第五步:在php中建立数据库连接
$link=mssql_connect("sqlserver",$your_username,$your_password) or die (“can’t Connect to Database”);
echo $link;
在浏览器中运行上面脚本, 如果你得到一个link号那么恭喜,你已经配置好了,如果出现Call to undefined function: mssql_connect() 那说明仔细看上面的安装配置过程看你哪一步没有对。
注意:sqlserver名称是在/usr/local/freetds/etc/freetds.conf中定义的host参数,如果你写的IP地址,就是IP地址。
其他数据库操作参考相关mssql函数
注意,在sql语句中不支持中文!!!
第六步:调试
如果出现不能连接,请在freetds配置文件中找到;dump file = /tmp/freetds.log这一行,注释掉前面的分号,再执行一下测试脚本,察看/tmp/freetds.log文件,它可以告诉你很多出错的信息帮助你排除问题。

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