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mysql中的临时表

Jun 21, 2016 am 09:09 AM
heap mysql table tmp

mysql|临时表

当工作在非常大的表上时,你可能偶尔需要运行很多查询获得一个大量数据的小的子集,不是对整个表运行这些查询,而是让MySQL每次找出所需的少数记录,将记录选择到一个临时表可能更快
些,然后多这些表运行查询。

创建临时表很容易,给正常的CREATE TABLE语句加上TEMPORARY关键字:

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_table (
name VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
value INTEGER NOT NULL
)

临时表将在你连接MySQL期间存在。当你断开时,MySQL将自动删除表并释放所用的空间。当然你可以在仍然连接的时候删除表并释放空间。

DROP TABLE tmp_table

如果在你创建名为tmp_table临时表时名为tmp_table的表在数据库中已经存在,临时表将有必要屏蔽(隐藏)非临时表tmp_table。

如果你声明临时表是一个HEAP表,MySQL也允许你指定在内存中创建它:

 CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_table (
name VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
value INTEGER NOT NULL
) TYPE = HEAP
 

因为HEAP表存储在内存中,你对它运行的查询可能比磁盘上的临时表快些。然而,HEAP表与一般的表有些不同,且有自身的限制。详见MySQL参考手册。

正如前面的建议,你应该测试临时表看看它们是否真的比对大量数据库运行查询快。如果数据很好地索引,临时表可能一点不快。



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