浅谈PHP语法(二)
语法
上一文《谈谈PHP语法》已谈了PHP的数据类型和表达式。现在,让我们来看看PHP的变量与常数。
让我们先看一例吧。
文件:test.php
//这是一种单行注释方法
#这是另一种单行注释方法
/*这是一种多行注释的方法
以下让我们看看例了吧*/
funtion display($file,$line)
{
global $message;
echo "FILE:$file
";
echo "LINE:$line
";
echo "Message:$message
";
}
$message="这是一个例程。";
display(_FILE_,_LINE_);
?>
显示结果为:
text.php
15
这是一个例程
上例中,function 是定义一个自定义函数。其后的两个变量$file和$line是两个局域变量,它们只在函数体中起作用,与函数体外的变崐量互不干扰,如果在函数体外还有$file或$line的话,两个$file和两个$line的值是不一定会相同的。_FILE_和_LINE_是两个常量,它们的崐值是早已定好了的。_FILE_为本文件的文件名,_LINE_为执行行所在的行号。在函数体内还有一句为 global $message; 它的作用是使全崐局变量$message能作用到函数体中,这句还可写成$GLOBAL["message"];
对于GET、POST和Cookie等机制产生的信息,PHP会自动地将其视为PHP的变量。这样,使提交表单的信息处理显地是格外的轻松。如下:
文件:
form.html
echo "你的用户名为:$uname";
?>
以上程序会要求用户输入一个用户名,提交表单后,后回用户名确认信息。可看出,表单中的uname已成为了deal.php程序中的$uname变崐量。简单吧。:-)
下面看看PHP的基本流程控制:
if…else…Elseif
语法一:
if (条件) {
语句体
}
语法二:
if (条件) {
语句体一
}else{
语句体二
}
语法三:
if (条件1) {
语句体一
}elseif(条件2) {
语句体二
}else{
语句体三
}
我们把上面的deal.php程序改为:
if ($uname=="小明") {
echo "见到你真高兴,小明。";
}elseif ($uname=="小华"){
echo "喔,是小华呀。";
}else{
echo "你是$uname,对吧";
}
?>
除了if 语句外,还有while循环,它的语法如下:
while(条件){
语句体
}
当条件为true时,执行语句体。
do…while的语法如下:
do {
语句体
}while(条件)
先执行一次语句体,若条件为true,则循环再次执行语句体。
for循环的语法同C一样,如下:
for (条件初始;判断条件;条件改变) {语句}
而break 跳出正在执行的循环,continue 为中断本次循环。
好了,本文就到这吧。以上的一些基础相信您很快便能上手了的。
--(待续)--

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