Table of Contents
抽象工厂模式
单例模式
原型模式
组合模式
Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial PHP中的设计模式

PHP中的设计模式

Jun 23, 2016 pm 01:19 PM

抽象工厂模式

对于那些不必须要的子类模式,合并起来,通过一个类中多个方法就可以完成工厂输出

abstract class messageFactor{    abstract function getHeader();    abstract function getMail();    abstract function getMobile();    abstract function getFooter();}class smudgeMo extends messageFactor{    public function getHeader()    {        return 'Header';    }    public function getMail()    {        return new Mail();    }    public function getMobile()    {        return new Mobile();    }    public function getFooter()    {        return 'Footer';    }}class julylovinMo extends messageFactor{// 和上个子类相似}
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虽然减少了子类继承,但是耦合问题太严重,如果增加一个产品类型, 抽象函数和子类继承体,都需要增加对应的方法

abstract class factory{    const APPT = 1;    const TTD = 1;    const CONTACT = 1;    abstract function make($flag_int);}class mailModel extends factory{    public function make($flag_int)    {        switch ($flag_int){            case self::APPT:                return new apptEncoder();                break;            case self::TTD:                return new ttdEncoder();                break;            case self::CONTACT:                return new contactEncoder();                break;        }    }}
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紧凑型工厂模式,但是耦合度高,不利于维护

单例模式

全局变量将类捆绑于特定环境中,破坏了封装
特点:
preference 可以被任何对象调用,无需将对象作为参数传递
preference 不该保存在全局变量中
系统中不应超过一个preference对象,即只允许实例化一次

class Preference    {    static $instance;    public $name;    private function __construct()    {    }    public function setName($name)    {        $this->name = $name;    }    public function getName()    {        return $this->name;    }    public static function getInstance()    {        if (empty(self::$instance)) // 控制了只有一个Preference实例对象        {            self::$instance = new Preference();        }        return self::$instance;    }}$prf = Preference::getInstance(); // 任何地方可以获取Preference实例对象$prf->setName('Julylovin');echo $prf->getName(); // Julylovin
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原型模式

用组合代替继承,抽象工厂模式有平行层次继承,会有耦合问题
使用clone关键词复制已经存在的产品, 具体产品本身,便成为自身生成的基础

class sea {private $navigability = 0 ; //可航行public function __construct($navigability)    {        $this->navigability = $navigability;    }}class earthsea extends sea{}class plain{}class earthplain extends plain{}class forest{}class earthforest extends forest{}class factory{    private $sea;    private $plain;    private $forest;    public function __construct(sea $sea, plain $plain, forest $forest)    {        $this->sea = $sea;        $this->plain = $plain;        $this->forest = $forest;    }    public function getSea()    {        return clone $this->sea;// 只是引用对象,是同一个对象,并非两个对象    }    public function getPlain()    {        return clone $this->plain;    }    public function getForest()    {        return clone $this->forest;    }}$earthInstance = new factory(new earthsea(1), new earthplain(), new earthforest()); //海域可航行$earthInstance->getForest(); // new earthforest() 的实例
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组合模式

组合模式有助于集合和组件之间关系建立模型
枪手(Archer)组合成军队(Arm),多个枪手可以增加军队的战斗力(bombardStrength)

abstract class unit {    public function addunit(Unit $unit){        // 阻止独立单元再次添加对象        throw new unitException(get_class($unit).'is a leaf');    }    public function removeunit(Unit $unit){        // 阻止独立单元删除添加对象        throw new unitException(get_class($unit).'is a leaf');    }    abstract function bombardStrength();}class unitException extends Exception{}class Archer extends unit {    public function bombardStrength()    {        return 4 ;    }}class Army extends unit{  //组合模式体    private $units = array();    public function addunit(Unit $unit)    {        if(in_array($unit, $this->units, true))        {            return ;        }        $this->units[] = $unit;    }    public function removeunit(Unit $unit)    {        $units = array();        foreach ($this->units as $item)        {            if($item !== $unit)            {                $units[] = $item;            }        }        $this->units = $units;    }    public function bombardStrength()    {        $ret = 0 ;        foreach ($this->units as $unit)        {            $ret += $unit->bombardStrength();        }        return $ret;    }}$SubArmy = new Army();$SubArmy->addunit( new Archer());$SubArmy->addunit( new Archer());echo $SubArmy->bombardStrength(); // 8
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