php设计模式
场景:要做个php的数据接口,返回xml格式的数据。
我们通常是这么写的。
class Data{ private $_data = array(); public function __construct( $data ){ $this -> data = $data; } public function formatXml( $data ){ $xml = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>'; $xml .= '<return>'; $xml .= '<data>' .serialize($return_data). '</data>'; $xml .= '</return>'; return $xml; } //返回xml数据 public function getXml(){ // 怎样把数据处理成xml就不写了 return $this -> formatXml($this -> _data); }}$data = new Data( array('title' => 'Strategy', 'language' => 'PHP') );echo $data -> getXml();
那么问题来了,我需求要变了,这次要返回个JSON格式的,我该怎么处理呢?最简单的方法,在Data类里面再加入个getJson方法。问题虽然解决了,但记不记得我们之前讲的设计模式原则,对的,他违反了开闭原则。对扩展开放,对修改关闭。Data类的作用太复杂了,违反了单一职责原则。那么我们就要想办法了。
class Data{ private $_data = array(); public function __construct( $data ){ $this -> _data = $data; } // public function getData( IFormat $format ){ $format -> formatData( $this -> _data ); }}interface IFormat{ public function formatData();}class Json implements IFormat{ public function formatData( $data ){ return json_encode( $data ); }}class Xml implements IFormat{ public function formatData( $data ){ $xml = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>'; $xml .= '<return>'; $xml .= '<data>' .serialize($return_data). '</data>'; $xml .= '</return>'; return $xml; }}$data = new Data( array('title' => 'Strategy', 'language' => 'PHP') )$data -> getData( new Json() ); //获取Json格式$data -> getData( new Xml() ); //获取xml格式....//随便扩展
策略模式:类本身(Data)不包含处理策略(formatData),可以调用不通的策略对象(xml和Json)来实现不同策略的算法。

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