Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial php中的数种依赖注入

php中的数种依赖注入

Jun 23, 2016 pm 01:24 PM

经常看到却一直不甚理解的概念,依赖注入(DI)以及控制器反转(Ioc),找了几篇好的文章,分享一下。 自己理解的,依赖注入就是组件通过构造器,方法或者属性字段来获取相应的依赖对象。

举个现实生活中的例子来理解, 比如我要一把菜刀 如何获得
1.可以自己造一把,对应new一个。
2.可以找生产菜刀的工厂去买一把,对应工厂模式。
3.可以打电话 让店家送货上门,对应依赖注入。

再比如我是一个演员,我不可能要求某个导演,我要演某某剧的男一号,相反,导演可以决定让谁来演。而我们的object就是这个演员。

注入的几个途径:

1.construct注入

<?phpclass Book {   private $db_conn;    public function __construct($db_conn) {       $this->db_conn = $db_conn;   }}
Copy after login

但是如果依赖过多,那么在构造方法里必然传入多个参数,三个以上就会使代码变的难以阅读。

2.set注入

<?php  $book = new Book();  $book->setdb($db);  $book->setprice($price);  $book->set_author($author);?>
Copy after login

代码很清晰,但是当我们需要注入第四个依赖时,意味着又要增加一行。

比较好的解决办法是 建立一个class作为所有依赖关系的container,在这个class中可以存放、创建、获取、查找需要的依赖关系

<?phpclass Ioc {   protected $db_conn;   public static function make_book() {       $new_book = new Book();       $new_book->set_db(self::$db_conn);       //...       //...       //其他的依赖注入       return $new_book;   }}
Copy after login

此时,如果获取一个book实例,只需要执行$newone = Ioc::makebook();

以上是container的一个具体实例,最好还是不要把具体的某个依赖注入写成方法,采用registry注册,get获取比较好

<?phpclass Ioc {/*** @var 注册的依赖数组*/    protected static $registry = array();    /**    * 添加一个resolve到registry数组中    * @param  string $name 依赖标识    * @param  object $resolve 一个匿名函数用来创建实例    * @return void    */   public static function register($name, Closure $resolve)   {      static::$registry[$name] = $resolve;   }    /**     * 返回一个实例     * @param  string $name 依赖的标识     * @return mixed     */   public static function resolve($name)   {       if ( static::registered($name) )       {          $name = static::$registry[$name];          return $name();       }       throw new Exception('Nothing registered with that name, fool.');   }   /**    * 查询某个依赖实例是否存在    * @param  string $name id    * @return bool     */   public static function registered($name)   {      return array_key_exists($name, static::$registry);   }}
Copy after login

现在就可以通过如下方式来注册和注入一个依赖

<?php$book = Ioc::registry('book', function(){$book = new Book;$book->setdb('...');$book->setprice('...');return $book;}); //注入依赖$book = Ioc::resolve('book');?>
Copy after login

http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/php/dependency-injection-huh

http://scriptogr.am/mattsah/post/dependencies-in-php

http://martinfowler.com/articles/injection.html

http://www.potstuck.com/2009/01/08/php-dependency-injection/

http://www.potstuck.com/2010/09/09/php-dependency-a-php-dependency-injection-framework/

http://www.cnblogs.com/Seekr/archive/2012/06/20/2556463.html


Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

Describe the SOLID principles and how they apply to PHP development. Describe the SOLID principles and how they apply to PHP development. Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

The application of SOLID principle in PHP development includes: 1. Single responsibility principle (SRP): Each class is responsible for only one function. 2. Open and close principle (OCP): Changes are achieved through extension rather than modification. 3. Lisch's Substitution Principle (LSP): Subclasses can replace base classes without affecting program accuracy. 4. Interface isolation principle (ISP): Use fine-grained interfaces to avoid dependencies and unused methods. 5. Dependency inversion principle (DIP): High and low-level modules rely on abstraction and are implemented through dependency injection.

How to automatically set permissions of unixsocket after system restart? How to automatically set permissions of unixsocket after system restart? Mar 31, 2025 pm 11:54 PM

How to automatically set the permissions of unixsocket after the system restarts. Every time the system restarts, we need to execute the following command to modify the permissions of unixsocket: sudo...

How to debug CLI mode in PHPStorm? How to debug CLI mode in PHPStorm? Apr 01, 2025 pm 02:57 PM

How to debug CLI mode in PHPStorm? When developing with PHPStorm, sometimes we need to debug PHP in command line interface (CLI) mode...

Explain the concept of late static binding in PHP. Explain the concept of late static binding in PHP. Mar 21, 2025 pm 01:33 PM

Article discusses late static binding (LSB) in PHP, introduced in PHP 5.3, allowing runtime resolution of static method calls for more flexible inheritance.Main issue: LSB vs. traditional polymorphism; LSB's practical applications and potential perfo

How to send a POST request containing JSON data using PHP's cURL library? How to send a POST request containing JSON data using PHP's cURL library? Apr 01, 2025 pm 03:12 PM

Sending JSON data using PHP's cURL library In PHP development, it is often necessary to interact with external APIs. One of the common ways is to use cURL library to send POST�...

Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

See all articles