PHP的线程安全(Thread Safe)与非线程安全(None Thread Safe)版本的区别
Windows版的PHP从版本5.2.1开始有Thread Safe(线程安全)和None Thread Safe(NTS，非线程安全)之分，这两者不同在于何处？到底应该用哪种？这里做一个简单的介绍。
从2000年10月20日发布的第一个Windows版的PHP3.0.17开始的都是线程安全的版本，这是由于与Linux/Unix系统是采用多进程的工作方式不同的是Windows系统是采用多线程的工作方式。如果在IIS下以CGI方式运行PHP会非常慢，这是由于CGI模式是建立在多进程的基础之上的，而非多线程。一般我们会把PHP配置成以ISAPI的方式来运行，ISAPI是多线程的方式，这样就快多了。但存在一个问题，很多常用的PHP扩展是以Linux/Unix的多进程思想来开发的，这些扩展在ISAPI的方式运行时就会出错搞垮IIS。因此在IIS下CGI模式才是 PHP运行的最安全方式，但CGI模式对于每个HTTP请求都需要重新加载和卸载整个PHP环境，其消耗是巨大的。
为了兼顾IIS下PHP的效率和安全，微软给出了FastCGI的解决方案。FastCGI可以让PHP的进程重复利用而不是每一个新的请求就重开一个进程。同时FastCGI也可以允许几个进程同时执行。这样既解决了CGI进程模式消耗太大的问题，又利用上了CGI进程模式不存在线程安全问题的优势。
因此，如果是使用ISAPI的方式来运行PHP就必须用Thread Safe(线程安全)的版本；而用FastCGI模式运行PHP的话就没有必要用线程安全检查了，用None Thread Safe(NTS，非线程安全)的版本能够更好的提高效率。
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