网页抓取信息(php正则表达式、php操作excel)
1.问题描述
实现对固定网页上自己需要的信息抓取,以表格形式存储。我是拿wustoj上的一个排行榜来练习的,地址:wustoj
2.思路
网页自己就简单学习了一下php,刚好用它来做点事情吧,我的想法是这样的:
(1)查看网页源代码并保存在文件中。
(2)根据需要的信息写出正则表达式,读文件,根据正则表达式来提取需要的信息。写正则表达式的时候最好分组,这样提取起来就方便了很多。
(3)对excel操作,将提取的信息以excel的形式输出。
比较好的开源php处理excel类链接:点击打开链接
3.体会
^是指要是原字符串的开头,$是指要是原字符串的结尾。
空字符不一定是空格。
用()来分组是好方法,如preg_macth_all(/$pattern/,$subject,matches)。
matches为二维数组,如果没有_all,则只会匹配第一部分,是一维数组。
$matches[0]保存完整模式的所有匹配。$matches[1]保存第一子组所有匹配,即所有匹配的第一部分。
中文匹配串我用的这个$patt_ch=chr(0x80)."-".chr(0xff)。
4.代码
<?phpheader ("Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8");$url = "http://acm.wust.edu.cn/contestrank.php?cid=1014";$result=file_get_contents($url);$file=fopen("content.php","w");fwrite($file,$result);$file=fopen("content.php","r");$patt_ch=chr(0x80)."-".chr(0xff);// <td>1<td>)([0-9]+|\*)(</td><td part2 href="status.php?user_id=team30&cid=1014">team30_姓名$namepatt="(<a>)(\*{0,1}team[0-9]+)(_)([$patt_ch]+)()"; // part2 part4//$namepatt="(team[0-9]+)(_)([$patt_ch]+)"; 也可以用这个直接匹配"team_姓名"//</a><a href="status.php?user_id=team30&cid=1014&jresult=4">7</a>$problempatt="(<a>)([0-9]+)()";//Include classrequire_once('Classes/PHPExcel.php');require_once('Classes/PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php');$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();//Set properties 设置文件属性$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator("Maarten Balliauw");$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy("Maarten Balliauw");$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescription("Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.");$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords("office 2007 openxml php");$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory("Test result file");$row=1;$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A'.$row, 'rank');$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B'.$row, 'team');$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('C'.$row, 'solved');while(!feof($file)){ //echo $row." "; $line=fgets($file); if(preg_match("/$rankpatt/",$line,$match)) { $row++; //print_r ($match); //echo $match[2]." "; //echo "<br>"; $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A'.$row, $match[2]); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A'.$row)->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_LEFT); } if(preg_match("/$namepatt/",$line,$match)) { //print_r ($match); //echo $match[2]." ".$match[4]." "; //echo "<br>"; $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B'.$row, $match[2].$match[4]); } if(preg_match("/$problempatt/",$line,$match)) { //print_r ($match); //echo $match[2]." "; //echo "<br>"; $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('C' . $row, $match[2]); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('C'.$row)->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_LEFT); } $objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel); $objWriter->save(str_replace('.php', '.xlsx', __FILE__));}echo "well done:)";?> <br> <br> <p>5.运行结果</p> <p><br> </p> <p><br> </p> <p><br> </p> </a> </td>

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