PHP与其他语言交互-总结
原网址将会不断更新 ： 作程的技术博客 《PHP与其他语言交互-总结》 it.zuocheng.net
软件或者系统，不同模块可能由不同的语言编写，必然会存在不同语言之间交互和通信的问题。本文站在PHP的角度，探讨PHP与其他语言交互的方式。
语言层面交互
使用胶水语言
胶水语言Shell scripts Python Ruby Lua Tcl Perl。
其本质是调用操作系统的输入与输出，由操作系统创建由其他语言写成的应用的新进程，再将其输出返回给PHP。
优点是简单容易实现。
缺点是：
编写PHP扩展
将其他语言提供的API封装成C接口（往往需要再编译为动态链接库），在PHP扩展中再对其进行封装，使其可以在PHP语句中直接调用。
优点 ：
缺点 ：
使用PHP Native Interface (PNI)
PNI 是一个PHP 扩展，允许PHP代码中直接调用C的类库
使用SWIG
最终的目的是编写PHP扩展，不同的是SWIG提供的接口让开发者省去了学习比Zend API 和 PHP API 的成本。
进程间交互
如果在语言层面无法直接交互，可使用进程间的交互方法。本质是调用操作系统提供的进程间交互方法。
系统间交互
如果由不同语言编写的系统之间进行交互，则有以下几种方法：
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