Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial PHP设计模式--装饰器模式

PHP设计模式--装饰器模式

Jun 23, 2016 pm 01:35 PM

声明:本系列博客参考资料《大话设计模式》,作者程杰。

        装饰器模式又叫装饰者模式。装饰模式是在不必改变原类文件和使用继承的情况下,动态地扩展一个对象的功能。它是通过创建一个包装对象,也就是装饰来包裹真实的对象。


        UML类图:

       

         角色:

       组件对象的接口:可以给这些对象动态的添加职责

       所有装饰器的父类:需要定义一个与组件接口一致的接口,并持有一个Component对象,该对象其实就是被装饰的对象。

       具体的装饰器类:实现具体要向被装饰对象添加的功能。用来装饰具体的组件对象或者另外一个具体的装饰器对象。

        具体代码:

<?php /** * Created by PhpStorm. * User: Jiang * Date: 2015/5/3 * Time: 11:11 *//**组件对象接口 * Interface IComponent */interface IComponent{    function Display();}/**待装饰对象 * Class Person */class Person implements IComponent{    private $name;    function __construct($name)    {        $this->name=$name;    }    function Display()    {        echo "装扮的:{$this->name}<br>";    }}/**所有装饰器父类 * Class Clothes */class Clothes implements IComponent{    protected $component;    function Decorate(IComponent $component)    {        $this->component=$component;    }    function Display()    {        if(!empty($this->component))        {            $this->component->Display();        }    }}//------------------------------具体装饰器----------------class PiXie extends Clothes{    function Display()    {        echo "皮鞋  ";        parent::Display();    }}class QiuXie extends Clothes{    function Display()    {        echo "球鞋  ";        parent::Display();    }}class Tshirt extends Clothes{    function Display()    {        echo "T恤  ";        parent::Display();    }}class Waitao extends Clothes{    function Display()    {        echo "外套  ";        parent::Display();    }}
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        调用客户端测试代码:

       

header("Content-Type:text/html;charset=utf-8");//------------------------装饰器模式测试代码------------------require_once "./Decorator/Decorator.php";$Yaoming=new Person("姚明");$aTai=new Person("A泰斯特");$pixie=new PiXie();$waitao=new Waitao();$pixie->Decorate($Yaoming);$waitao->Decorate($pixie);$waitao->Display();echo "<hr>";$qiuxie=new QiuXie();$tshirt=new Tshirt();$qiuxie->Decorate($aTai);$tshirt->Decorate($qiuxie);$tshirt->Display();
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        适用场景: 

        1. 需要动态的给一个对象添加功能,这些功能可以再动态的撤销。

        2. 需要增加由一些基本功能的排列组合而产生的非常大量的功能,从而使继承关系变的不现实。

        3. 当不能采用生成子类的方法进行扩充时。一种情况是,可能有大量独立的扩展,为支持每一种组合将产生大量的子类,使得子类数目呈爆炸性增长。另一种情况可能是因为类定义被隐藏,或类定义不能用于生成子类。


             PHP面向对象设计模式


      

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