数据结构与算法之递推算法 C++与PHP实现
数据结构是算法实现的基础,算法总是要依赖于某种数据结构来实现的。往往是在发展一种算法的时候,构建了适合于这种算法的数据结构。一种数据结构如果脱离了算法,也就没有存在的价值了。
算法的作用----解决任何一个实际问题,都不可避免地涉及到算法的问题,通过一定的算法,得到一个最优(或较优)的方案。
递推算法:递推算法是一种简单的算法,即通过已知条件,利用特定关系得出中间推论,直至得到结果的算法。顺推法:从已知条件出发,逐步推算出要解决的问题的方法。
逆推法:从已知问题的结果出发,用迭代表达式逐步推算出问题的开始的条件,即顺推法的逆过程。
顺推实例:
兔子繁殖过程
c++代码:
#include<iostream>int main(){ using namespace std; const int NUM = 13; int count = 0; int rabbit[NUM] = {1,1}; for (int i=0; i<num-2 i rabbit for j="0;" cout return> <p class="sycode"> php代码: </p> <pre name="code" class="sycode"><?php $rabbit = array(); $rabbit[1] = $rabbit[0] =1; define("MONTH", 12); for ($i=2; $i<=MONTH; $i++) { $rabbit[$i] = $rabbit[$i-2] + $rabbit[$i-1]; } for ($i=0; $i<=MONTH; $i++) { echo "第 " . $i . " 月,兔子总数量为:". $rabbit[$i] . "只<br/>"; }?>
C++编译运行结果
逆推 实例:
父亲准备为小龙的四年大学生活一次性储蓄一笔钱,使用整存零取的方式,控制小龙每月月底取1000元准备下月使用。假设银行整存领取的年息为1.71%,请算出父亲至少需要存入多少钱才行。c++代码:
#include<iostream>int main(){ using namespace std; const double RATE = 0.0171; double money[48]; money[47] = 1000; for (int i=47; i>0; i--) { money[i-1] = (money[i] + 1000)/(1+RATE/12); } for (int j=47; j>0; j--) { cout <br> <p class="sycode"> php代码: </p> <pre name="code" class="sycode"><?php $month = array(); $month[47] = 1000; define("RATE", 0.0171); for ($i=47; $i>0; $i--) { $month[$i-1] = ($month[$i] + 1000)/(1+RATE/12); } for ($i=47; $i>0; $i--) { echo "第 " . $i . " 月本息合计为:" . $month[$i] . "元<br>"; }?>
C++编译运行结果

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