Php实现验证码功能
验证码这样的功能可以说是无处不在了,接下来使用php来实现验证码这样的功能,这里我是将验证码实现抽取到一个类中独立开来,那么后面如果再使用到验证码功能,直接引入该类文件并创建该类的实例,就可以使用验证码了,代码如下:
验证码类文件vcode.class.php
<?php /** *验证码类 */ class Vcode{ private $width;//图片宽度 private $height;//图片高度 private $num;//验证码个数 private $img;//图片资源 private $code;//验证码 private $pointNum;//干扰点个数 private $lineNum;//干扰线个数 private $fontFile;//字体文件 //构造函数初始化相关数据 function __construct($width=85,$height=34,$num=4){ $this->width=$width; $this->height=$height; $this->num=$num; $this->code=$this->createCode(); $this->pointNum=100; $this->lineNum=10; $this->fontFile="STLITI.TTF"; } /** *用于设置成员属性 *@param string $key 成员属性名 *@param mixed $value 成员属性值 *@return object 返回自己对象$this,可用于连贯操作 */ public function set($key,$val){ //get_class_vars() 获取类中的属性组成的数组 //get_class() 返回对象的类名 if(array_key_exists($key,get_class_vars(get_class($this)))){ $this->setOption($key,$val); } return $this; } //设置参数 private function setOption($key,$value){ $this->$key=$value; } //获取验证码 public function getCode(){ return $this->code; } //输出图像 public function outImg(){ //创建图像 $this->createImage(); //画验证码 $this->drawCode(); //画干扰元素 $this->drawDisturbColor(); //输出图像 $this->printImg(); } //画验证码 private function drawCode(){ $this->fontFile="./font/".$this->fontFile; for($i=0;$inum;$i++){ //设置随机颜色 $randColor=imagecolorallocate($this->img,rand(0,128),rand(0,128),rand(0,128)); //字体大小 $fontSize=rand(20,23); //字体水平位置 $x=($this->width/$this->num)*$i; //水平方向的位置 $y=rand($fontSize,imagefontheight($fontSize)+3); //画字体 imagettftext($this->img,$fontSize,0,$x,$y,$randColor,$this->fontFile,$this->code{$i}); } } //画干扰元素 private function drawDisturbColor(){ //画干扰点 for($i=0;$ipointNum;$i++){ //设置随机颜色 $randColor=imagecolorallocate($this->img,rand(0,255),rand(0,255),rand(0,255)); //画点 imagesetpixel($this->img,rand(1,$this->width-2),rand(1,$this->height-2),$randColor); } //画干扰线 for($i=0;$ilineNum;$i++){ //设置随机颜色 $randColor=imagecolorallocate($this->img,rand(0,200),rand(0,200),rand(0,200)); //画线 imageline($this->img,rand(1,$this->width-2),rand(1,$this->height-2),rand(1,$this->height-2),rand(1,$this->width-2),$randColor); } } //创建图像 private function createImage(){ //创建一个真彩色图像 $this->img=imagecreatetruecolor($this->width,$this->height); //设置背景色 $bgColor=imagecolorallocate($this->img,rand(200,255),rand(200,255),rand(200,255)); //填充背景色 imagefill($this->img,0,0,$bgColor); //设置边框颜色 $borderColor=imagecolorallocate($this->img,0,0,0); //画一个边框 imagerectangle($this->img,0,0,$this->width-1,$this->height-1,$borderColor); } //输出图像 private function printImg(){ if(imagetypes() & IMG_PNG){ //针对png header("Content-Type:image/png"); imagepng($this->img); }else if(imagetypes() & IMG_JPG){ //针对jpg header("Content-Type:image/jpeg"); imagejpeg($this->img,null,100); }else if(imagetypes() & IMG_GIF){ //针对Gif header("Content-Type:image/gif"); imagegif($this->img); }else if(imagetypes() & IMG_WBMP){ // 针对 WBMP header('Content-Type: image/vnd.wap.wbmp'); imagewbmp($this->img); }else{ die('No image support in this PHP server'); } } //创建验证码 private function createCode(){ //默认字符串 $codes="123456789abcdefghijkmnpqrstuvwxyABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXY"; //生成验证码 $code=""; for($i=0;$inum;$i++){ $code.=$codes{rand(0,strlen($codes)-1)}; } return $code; } //析构函数用于销毁图像资源 function __destruct(){ imagedestroy($this->img); } }
这里我使用的画字体的函数是imagettftext(),因为这个函数可以自定义字体样式,从代码中也能看出来,传入的参数有个字体文件属性,如果不喜欢用这个函数可以使用imagestring()函数也行,只不过个人觉得这个函数的默认字体大小,也不好看。还是自定义字体看着舒服点。接下来是调用验证码类
<?php //开启Session session_start(); //引入验证码类 include("vcode.class.php"); //创建验证码类 $vcode=new Vcode(); //将获取的验证码存入到session中 $_SESSION['code']=$vcode->getCode(); //$vcode->set("pointNum",10);//自定义干扰点个数 //$vcode->set("lineNum",10);//自定义干扰线个数 //$vcode->set("fontFile","wawa.ttf");//自定义字体文件 //输出图像 $vcode->outImg();
代码到这里验证码就实现了,直接调用该文件也能看到验证码,下面使用一个简单的登录表单使用该验证码
<?php //开启Session session_start(); //判断是否提交 if(isset($_POST['dosubmit'])){ //获取session中的验证码并转为小写 $sessionCode=strtolower($_SESSION['code']); //获取输入的验证码 $code=strtolower($_POST['code']); //判断是否相等 if($sessionCode==$code){ echo "<script type='text/javascript'>alert('验证码正确!');"; }else{ echo "<script type="text/javascript">alert('验证码错误!');</script>"; } }?> <title></title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"> <style type="text/css"> *{margin:0px;padding:0px;} ul{ width:400px; list-style:none; margin:50px auto; } li{ padding:12px; position:relative; } label{ width:80px; display:inline-block; float:left; line-height:30px; } input[type='text'],input[type='password']{ height:30px; } img{ margin-left:10px; } input[type="submit"]{ margin-left:80px; padding:5px 10px; } </style>
实现的效果:

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