Php面向对象 ? 接口
Php面向对象 ? 接口
接口:interface
php中,我们可以规定,一个对象应该具有哪些公共的外部操作,使用interface来规定。
公共的方法就是接口。
用于规定一个对象应该用于哪些公共的操作方法(接口),这个也叫接口(公共操作方法的集合)
接口(interface结构,公共方法集合)
公共方法(接口方法)
定义:
用于限定某个对象所必须拥有的公共操作方法的一种结构,称之为接口(interface)
语法:
定义接口结构,使用interface关键字。接口内定义的都是一些公共方法。
interface 接口名
{
公共操作方法列表
}
例子:
interface I_Goods
{
public function sayName();
public function sayPrice();
}
注意:
1. 接口方法,访问权限必须是公共的 public
2. 接口内只能有公共方法,不能存在成员变量
3. 接口内只能含有未被实现的方法,也叫抽象方法,但是不用abstract关键字。
类实现接口,利用关键字implements完成。
例子:
interface I_Goods
{
public function sayName();
public function sayPrice();
}
class Goods implements I_Goods
{
public function sayName()
{
}
public function sayPrice()
{
}
}
这样,实现该接口的类,必须实现接口内所有的抽象方法。而且可以肯定,该方法一定是公共的外部操作方法。
多实现
上面的功能,理论上可以通过抽象类来实现,但是抽象类,不专业。
接口专业在,实现上,因为php支持多实现,而仅支持单继承。
例子:
interface I_Goods
{
public function sayName();
public function sayPrice();
}
interface I_Shop
{
public function saySafe();
}
class Goods implements I_Goods , I_Shop
{
public function sayName()
{
}
public function sayPrice()
{
}
public function saySafe()
{
}
}
接口之间也可以继承
例子:
interface I_Goods
{
public function sayName();
public function sayPrice();
}
interface I_Shop extends I_Goods
{
public function saySafe();
}
class Goods implements I_Shop
{
public function sayName()
{
}
public function sayPrice()
{
}
public function saySafe()
{
}
}
php对象接口的支持,可以定义类常量
例子:
interface I_Goods
{
const PAI = 3.14;
public function sayName();
public function sayPrice();
}
interface I_Shop extends I_Goods
{
public function saySafe();
}
class Goods implements I_Shop
{
public function sayName()
{
}
public function sayPrice()
{
}
public function saySafe()
{
}
}
echo Goods::PAI;
输出:3.14

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