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Php面向对象 ? 接口

Jun 23, 2016 pm 01:51 PM
php interface object-oriented

Php面向对象 ? 接口

 

接口:interface

 

php中,我们可以规定,一个对象应该具有哪些公共的外部操作,使用interface来规定。

 

公共的方法就是接口。

用于规定一个对象应该用于哪些公共的操作方法(接口),这个也叫接口(公共操作方法的集合)

 

接口(interface结构,公共方法集合)

公共方法(接口方法)

 

定义:

用于限定某个对象所必须拥有的公共操作方法的一种结构,称之为接口(interface)

 

语法:

定义接口结构,使用interface关键字。接口内定义的都是一些公共方法。

 

 

interface 接口名

{

       公共操作方法列表

}

 

例子:

 

interface I_Goods

{

       public  function  sayName();

       public  function sayPrice();

}

 

 

注意:

1.    接口方法,访问权限必须是公共的 public

2.    接口内只能有公共方法,不能存在成员变量

3.    接口内只能含有未被实现的方法,也叫抽象方法,但是不用abstract关键字。

 

 

 

类实现接口,利用关键字implements完成。

 

例子:

 

 

interface I_Goods

{

       public  function  sayName();

       public  function sayPrice();

}

 

 

class Goods  implements  I_Goods

{

       public  function  sayName()

       {

       }

 

       public function  sayPrice()

       {

       }

}

 

这样,实现该接口的类,必须实现接口内所有的抽象方法。而且可以肯定,该方法一定是公共的外部操作方法。

 

 

多实现

 

上面的功能,理论上可以通过抽象类来实现,但是抽象类,不专业。

接口专业在,实现上,因为php支持多实现,而仅支持单继承。

 

例子:

 

 

interface I_Goods

{

       public  function  sayName();

       public  function sayPrice();

}

 

interface I_Shop

{

       public  function  saySafe();

}

 

 

class Goods  implements  I_Goods , I_Shop

{

       public  function  sayName()

       {

       }

 

       public function  sayPrice()

       {

       }

 

public  function  saySafe()

{

}

 

}

 

 

 

接口之间也可以继承

 

例子:

 

interface I_Goods

{

       public  function  sayName();

       public  function sayPrice();

}

 

interface I_Shop  extends  I_Goods

{

       public  function  saySafe();

}

 

 

class Goods  implements  I_Shop

{

       public  function  sayName()

       {

       }

 

       public function  sayPrice()

       {

       }

 

public  function  saySafe()

{

}

 

}

 

php对象接口的支持,可以定义类常量

 

例子:

 

interface I_Goods

{

       const  PAI = 3.14;

       public  function  sayName();

       public  function sayPrice();

}

 

interface I_Shop  extends  I_Goods

{

       public  function  saySafe();

}

 

 

class Goods  implements  I_Shop

{

       public  function  sayName()

       {

       }

 

       public function  sayPrice()

       {

       }

 

public  function  saySafe()

{

}

 

}

echo  Goods::PAI;

 

输出:3.14

 

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