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Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial 网上一段简单的preg_match替换 不明

网上一段简单的preg_match替换 不明

Jun 23, 2016 pm 02:23 PM

php 正则

1

$string = "Is is the cost of of gasoline going up up"$pattern = "/\b([a-z]+) \\1\b/i";   if(preg_match($pattern, $string,$arr)){     print_r($arr);      echo preg_replace($pattern, '$1', $string); }

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输出

1

Array(    [0] => Is is    [1] => Is)Is the cost of gasoline going up

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我理解的preg_match($pattern,$repalce,$subject)是用pattern从subject匹配到各个分组,然后用replace规定的显示方式,重新输出
$pattern = "/\b([a-z]+) \\1\b/i" 匹配到的只有Is is 和Is
重新输出怎么会输出一整句话 Is the cost of gasoline going up
还有什么时候用$1 什么时候用\\1 获取子模式匹配的内容 在双引号和单引号里又有什么要求?


回复讨论(解决方案)

preg_match 匹配一次,


mixed preg_replace ( mixed $pattern , mixed $replacement , mixed $subject [, int $limit = -1 [, int &$count ]] )
第三个参数未指定时,默认是 -1(无限)。

$1 与 \1 的区别:
\1 可以同时使用在模式和替换字符串中
$1 只能用于替换字符串中

preg_match只匹配第一个符合的,要全部匹配要用preg_match_all
replace是符合的都替换(符合的部分与preg_match_all相同)
$与\只是习惯问题,一般同一个正则内用\,\的写法较接近perl
单双引号注意原文\\这种情况就基本可以了,其他的无歧义就按原文

哦,说错了。
mixed preg_replace ( mixed $pattern , mixed $replacement , mixed $subject [, int $limit = -1 [, int &$count ]] )
第 四个参数未指定时,默认是 -1(无限)。

谢谢楼上两位朋友,明朗了,preg_match只匹配一次

1

$subject="<span>example: </span>"$pattern="|<[^>]+>(.*)</[^>]+>|"; preg_match_all ($pattern, $subject, $out, PREG_PATTERN_ORDER);  print_r($out);

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再问一下 为啥$pattern 不是用 “/......./”的形式 而是要用  "|.........|"的形式
两斜杠变成两竖杠是为什么?如果去掉两竖杠就老报错:Warning:  preg_match_all(): Unknown modifier ']' 这是为啥?

$pattern="|]+>(.*)[^>]+>|";
$pattern="/]+>(.*)]+>/";
是一样的
如果分界符是 / ,那么规则串中的 / 就需要转义
幸好 php 提供了自定义分界符,可以使规则串看起来舒服点
要是 js 的话,就没有那么幸运了

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