php 学习 1

WBOY
Release: 2016-06-23 14:34:50
Original
1011 people have browsed it

php 中的数组其实是一个有序的映射(ordered map),
你可以将它用作一个数组,list(vector), hashtable, dictionary, collection,
stack, queue 或者其他的数据结构。
如果用数组作为数组的元素,可以构造出树。

array()    创建数组

$arr = array("foo" => "bar", 12 => true);
echo $arr["foo"];
echo $arr[12];
?>

key 可以是字符串或整数,如果未指定 key, 则该 value 的 key 会被指定为已有的
最大的整数 key + 1. 如:
// This array is the same as ...
array(5 => 43, 32, 56, "b" => 12);

// ...this array
array(5 => 43, 6 => 32, 7 => 56, "b" => 12);
?>

移除一个 key/value 对,用 unset 函数

$arr = array(5 => 1, 12 => 2);

$arr[] = 56;    // This is the same as $arr[13] = 56;
                // at this point of the script

$arr["x"] = 42; // This adds a new element to
                // the array with key "x"
               
unset($arr[5]); // This removes the element from the array

unset($arr);    // This deletes the whole array
?> 

foreach 语法遍历数组:

$array = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
print_r($array);

foreach ($array as $i => $value) {
    unset($array[$i]);
}
print_r($array);

$array[] = 6;
print_r($array);

// Re-index:
$array = array_values($array);
$array[] = 7;
print_r($array);
?>

foreach 语句在 array 的一个 copy 上进行操作。如果需要修改其元素,要用引用的语法:
(php5)

$arr = array(1, 2, 3, 4);
foreach ($arr as &$value) {
    $value = $value * 2;
}
?>

foreach 语句两种语法:

foreach (array_expression as $value)
    statement
foreach (array_expression as $key => $value)
    statement
 

文件,目录操作例子:

// fill an array with all items from a directory
$handle = opendir('.');
while (false !== ($file = readdir($handle))) {
    $files[] = $file;   
}
closedir($handle);
print_r($files);
?>

数组的赋值操作总是值传递,要用引用传递则必须使用 & 语法:

$arr1 = array(2, 3);
$arr2 = $arr1;
$arr2[] = 4; // $arr2 is changed,
             // $arr1 is still array(2, 3)
            
$arr3 = &$arr1;
$arr3[] = 4; // now $arr1 and $arr3 are the same
?> 

日期的处理:

print date('Y-m-d');

输出:
2005-11-22

Related labels:
source:php.cn
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
Popular Tutorials
More>
Latest Downloads
More>
Web Effects
Website Source Code
Website Materials
Front End Template