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PHP编程技巧:以指定字段为索引返回数组数据

Jun 23, 2016 pm 02:37 PM

很多情况下,我们从接触一个新的项目到开发完成,再回过头来仔细浏览一下自己写的代码,很多都是我们以前用熟练的代码。所以,在完成每个新项目的时 候,适当的做些项目总结、代码总结,或许你会在以后的项目中用得着,极有可能获得意外的收获,比如:代码优化,想到了更好、速度更快的实现方法等等。

牛逼的程序开发者有时候不在于代码量的多少,而是程序的代码简洁性、逻辑复杂但实现的方便性,这些才说明是否是一位好的程序员。我们不做日夜加班到深夜,拼代码量的程序员!

这篇博客和大家分享几个使用得PHP编程技巧,有些技巧是在看别人代码的时候学来的,有些是自己总结的。

以特定字段为索引,返回数据库取的数据数组

举个例子容易些:

假如你要统计指定站点从其它网站来的流量情况,并且做一个小后台,查看每个网站每天带来的流量情况。我们先建2张数据表:

表一、站点配置表(只统计这些网站的流量)

CREATE TABLE `site_config` (  `id` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment COMMENT '主键,自增',  `sid` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '网站ID',  `site_url` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT '网站URL地址',  `site_name` varchar(80) NOT NULL COMMENT '网站名称',  `add_time` timestamp NOT NULL default CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '添加时间',  PRIMARY KEY  (`id`),  UNIQUE KEY `adid` (`sid`)) ENGINE=MyISAM  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='站点配置表';
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表二、站点流量统计表(来一个用户一条记录)

CREATE TABLE `site_stat` (  `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment COMMENT '主键,自增',  `sid` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '网站ID',  `ip_address` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户IP', `add_time` timestamp NOT NULL default CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '添加时间',  PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='站点流量统计表' ;
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因为site_config表读操作大于写操作,所以类型设置为MyISAM;而site_stat表写操作大于读操作,因此,我把表类型设置为InnoDB。(这些地方也是你在设计数据的时候需要考虑的,速度提高不少)。

回到正题,假如表site_config里有这样几条数据:

数据格式为:id,sid,site_url,add_time

1,200,baidu.com,2013-06-30 14:20:00

2,201,google.com,2013-06-30 14:20:00

3,202,cnblogs.com,2013-06-30 14:20:00

4,203,codejia.net,2013-06-30 14:20:00

站点流量统计表site_stat里已经产生了一些数据,如下:

数据格式为:id,sid,ip_address,add_time

1,200,167.87.32.4,2013-06-30 14:40:00

2,200,192.168.11.56,2013-06-30 14:40:10

3,202,167.87.32.4,2013-06-30 14:40:10

4,202,192.168.11.56,2013-06-30 14:40:20

5,203,167.87.32.4,2013-06-30 14:40:20

6,202,10.10.10.10,2013-06-30 14:40:30

7,200,167.87.32.4,2013-06-30 14:40:31

你在后台需要做的报表格式为:日期,网站ID,网站URL,流量数 (没有流量的站点也要展示,流量显示为0)

你可能会想到根据日期,在表site_stat里根据sid group by之后再left join表site_config,这显然不是我将分享的方法。

用2条SQL来搞定,一条是取所有的站点;另一条是取指定日期下站点流量统计数。

SQL1取所有站点:

SELECT sid,site_url,site_name FROM site_config
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SQL2取站点统计(假如为今天):

SELECT sid,COUNT(1) AS come_total FROM site_stat              WHERE add_time>='2013-06-30 00:00:00'              AND add_time<='2013-06-30 23:59:59'GROUP BY sid
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前面说了一大堆都是为后面做铺垫,分享一个PHP以传过去的字段为索引,返回二维数组的方法:

protected function getList($sql,$filed = null){        $res = mysql_query($sql,$this->link_sc);        $data = array();        if($filed === null){            while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($res)){                $data[] = $row;            }        }else{            while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($res)){                $data[$row[$filed]] = $row;            }        }        return $data;    }
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把你的SQL传进入,并把需要索引的字段传进入就OK,前提是传进去的字段必须要在select返回的字段里。

我们在取所有站点的时候不需要传过去字段,但在取站点流量统计的时候我们把,站点sid传过去,即如下:

$sites = getList($sql1);  //所有站点$data = getList($sql2,'sid');  //站点流量数据,以sid为索引返回二维数组
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 最后在展示报表的时候,用foreach循环$sites,取流量的时候到数组$data里去取索引为sid的数据就OK了。

非常方便,并且非常容易掌握,我就经常这么干。

最后看下上表的统计结果报表:

格式为:日期,网站ID,网站URL,流量数

2013-06-30,200,baidu.com,3

2013-06-30,201,google.com,0

2013-06-30,202,cnblogs.com,3

2013-06-30,203,codejia.net,1

 

总结:貌似写这么多就说明那样一个小的技巧哈,但是,可千万别小看这个技巧,能节约你很多时间。所以,大家在写代码的时候多多总结,多多来博客园和大家交流、学习,编程水平一定会进步很快的!

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