Android Webview总结_html/css_WEB-ITnose
这些都是曾经收集到的一些关于Webview的知识，有些工作中用到了，有些暂时还没有用到，这次统一整理下，希望对自己，对大家有所帮助。另外，欢迎大家补充（当然，有错也要指正呀，不胜感激），如果可以的话，我会 更新到本帖中。
官方文档 更多知识：)
一.权限
二.创建Webview对象
WebView webview = new WebView(this);
三.加载网页的方式
- loadData(String data, String mimeType, String encoding)des:Load the given data into the WebView.as:
String summary = "<html><body>You scored <b>192</b> points.</body></html>"; webview.loadData(summary, "text/html", null);
Copy after login - loadDataWithBaseURL(String baseUrl, String data, String mimeType, String encoding, String historyUrl)des:Load the given data into the WebView, use the provided URL as the base URL for the content.
- loadUrl(String url)des:Load the given url.as: webView.loadUrl("http://www.jianshu.com/"); //加载网络网页webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/html/index.html"); //加载本地assert目录下网页webView.loadUrl("content://com.Android.htmlfileprovider/sdcard/kris.html"); // 加载SD卡html
- loadUrl(String url, Map
- postUrl(String url, byte[] postData)des: Loads the URL with postData using "POST" method into this WebView.
- 利用Intent调用系统浏览器
Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://www.jianshu.com/"); Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri); startActivity(intent);Copy after login
四.设置Webview
webView.clearHistory();webView.clearCache(true);webView.clearFormData();webView.setScrollBarStyle(WebView.SCROLLBARS_OUTSIDE_OVERLAY);// 隐藏滚动条webView.requestFocus();webView.requestFocusFromTouch();
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五.Webview辅助类
1>WebSettings设置WebView的一些属性、状态等,例如允许使用javascript，允许使用缓存，允许使用内置的缩放组件，设置支持IS等。
- 官方文档
- 获取WebSettings对象：WebSettings mWebSettings = webView.getSettings();
- For Example
WebSettings mWebSettings = webView.getSettings();mWebSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);// 支持JSmWebSettings.setJavaScriptCanOpenWindowsAutomatically(true);//支持通过js打开新的窗口mWebSettings.setRenderPriority(WebSettings.RenderPriority.HIGH);//提高渲染等级mWebSettings.setBuiltInZoomControls(false);// 设置支持缩放mWebSettings.setDomStorageEnabled(true);//使用localStorage则必须打开mWebSettings.setBlockNetworkImage(true);// 首先阻塞图片，让图片不显示mWebSettings.setBlockNetworkImage(false);// 页面加载好以后，在放开图片：mWebSettings.setSupportMultipleWindows(false);// 设置同一个界面mWebSettings.setBlockNetworkImage(false);mWebSettings.setCacheMode(1);mWebSettings.setNeedInitialFocus(false);// 禁止webview上面控件获取焦点(黄色边框)
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主要帮助WebView处理各种通知、请求事件（例如，点击链接时候如何显示界面，页面开始加载，加载完毕之后有何动作等）
- 官方文档
- 使用
webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient() { @Override public void onPageStarted(WebView view, String url, Bitmap favicon) { //页面开始加载时 super.onPageStarted(view, url, favicon); } @Override public void onPageFinished(WebView view, String url) { //页面加载结束时 super.onPageFinished(view, url); } @Override public void onReceivedError(WebView view, int errorCode, String description, String failingUrl) { super.onReceivedError(view, errorCode, description, failingUrl); // 这里进行无网络或错误处理，具体可以根据errorCode的值进行判断， } @Override public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) { view.loadUrl(url); /** * 网页跳转： * 1.在当前的webview跳转到新连接 * view.loadUrl(url); * 2.调用系统浏览器跳转到新网页 * Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); * i.setData(Uri.parse(url)); * startActivity(i); */ return true; }});Copy after login
辅助WebView处理Javascript的对话框、网站图标、网站Title、加载进度等
webView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient() { @Override public void onProgressChanged(WebView view, int newProgress) { // 获得网页的加载进度 newProgress为当前加载百分比 super.onProgressChanged(view, newProgress); } @Override public void onReceivedTitle(WebView view, String title) { // 获取网页的title，客户端可以在这里动态修改页面的title // 另外，当加载错误时title为“找不到该网页” super.onReceivedTitle(view, title); }});Copy after login
六.与JS交互addJavascriptInterface
- 前提
mWebView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
Copy after login 使用
mWebView.addJavascriptInterface(new JSInterface(), "jsInterface"); JSInterface对象：public class JSInterface { @JavascriptInterface public void methodA() { } @JavascriptInterface public void methodB(String webMessage) { }}Copy after login注意：1.JavascriptInterface是4.2版本google新增的一个注解，为了避免一个安全隐患，详细信息及4.2以下系统版本适配看这里: Android WebView的Js对象注入漏洞解决方案 ；另外，safe-java-js-webview-bridge这个开源项目完全用onJsPrompt() 替代了addJavaScriptInterface()，有兴趣的可以学习。2.JS调用Java：
window.js_callback.viewPicOnJavascript($('article img').index(this));Copy after login3.客户端调用JS
mWebView.loadUrl("javascript:alert()");Copy after login
七.键盘
- webview是否可以返回到上一页面 webView.canGoBack()
- webview返回到上一页面 webView.goBack();
- webview是否可以前进 webView.canGoForward()
- webview前进 webView.goForward();*
public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) { if ((keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) && mWebView.canGoBack()) { mWebView.goBack(); return true; } return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);}Copy after login
八.其他
- WebViewClient好吧，之前确实不知道有这么个东东，今天写这篇贴子的时候才发现的，看名字，应该是在Fragment里对Webview的封装，应该是个好东西。有兴趣的小伙伴们 点进来：WebViewClient
- WebView cookies清理
CookieSyncManager.createInstance(this);CookieSyncManager.getInstance().startSync();CookieManager.getInstance().removeSessionCookie();
Copy after login - 屏蔽长按事件
webView.setOnLongClickListener(new View.OnLongClickListener() { @Override public boolean onLongClick(View v) { return true; }});Copy after login - Webiew保留缩放功能但是隐藏缩放控件(这是一招必杀技)
webView.getSettings().setSupportZoom(true);webView.getSettings().setBuiltInZoomControls(true);webView.getSettings().setDisplayZoomControls(false);// setDisplayZoomControls是在Android 3.0中新增的API.，调用此方法前需要对系统版本进行判断
Copy after login - 判断Webview是否滑动到顶部或底部
if (webView.getContentHeight() * webView.getScale() == (webView.getHeight() + webView.getScrollY())) { // 处于底端}if(webView.getScrollY() == 0){ //处于顶部}des:getScrollY() //方法返回的是当前可见区域的顶端距整个页面顶端的距离,也就是当前内容滚动的距离.getHeight()或者getBottom() //方法都返回当前WebView这个容器的高度getContentHeight()返回的是整个html的高度,但并不等同于当前整个页面的高度,因为WebView有缩放功能,所以当前整个页面的高度实际上应该是原始html的高度再乘上缩放比例Copy after login
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