SASS组件开发_html/css_WEB-ITnose
SASS组件开发
SASS预处理器,增加了css所没有的编程能力,带来了前端开发的效率提高,以及扩展了css的编写技巧。
组件开发
设计一个表单提示层(包括成功success,警告warning,错误等状态error)组件,css需要定义基本样式字体(font-)、外内边距(padding,margin)、显示方式(display)、边框(border)以及其他相关的内容,再为单独的状态定义需要的样式。
css组件开发
先定义基本样式,再对每一个状态定义一套样式
.tips { /* 基本颜色设置 */ padding: 15px; margin-bottom: 20px; border-radius: 4px;}//成功状态.tips-success{ background-color: #47a447; color: #fff;}//警告状态.tips-warning{ background-color: #ed9c28; color: #fff;}//错误状态.tips-error{ background-color: #ed9c28; color: #fff;}
每一种状态文字和边框颜色需要单独设置,稍显繁琐。后期扩展其它状态,如信息info、危险dange等,就是工作成本的提高。幸好SASS提供了编程能力,为我们解决这种担忧,提高了工作效率。
sass组件开发
组件是对数据和方法的简单封装。
变量默认值!default
先来看一段js的变量声明代码
var a = 1;console.log(a);//1
再看一段sass代码,是不是很简单。
$color:blue;$color:red; !default;//变量申明带有!default,表示当前值为缺省值p{ color:$color;//输出blue}
声明!default,在这里输出blue,很有趣吧。简单说下它的作用:假设变量申明带有!default,表示此变量为默认值,可被全局的普通声明覆盖。这点还不能体现它的伟大作用。
@mixin应用在需要的地方使用@include来声明调用mixins。
/* mixin */@mixin tips($background,$text-color,$tipsStylePadding) { background-color: $background; color: $text-color; padding: $tipsStylePadding; margin-bottom: 20px; border-radius: 4px;}
调用功能模块,当前的组件可扩展出多个组件样式。
//成功状态.tips-success { @include tips($background,$text-color,$tipsStylePadding);}//警告状态.tips-warning { @include tips($background,$text-color,$tipsStylePadding);}//错误状态.tips-error { @include tips($background,$text-color,$tipsStylePadding);}//信息状态(再扩展一个).tips-info { @include tips($background,$text-color);,$tipsStylePadding}
@include在需要的地方随意调用,不够规范,后期难以维护。
组件实例现在我们新建个scss文件,这里暂且叫做_tips.scss。
/* 变量---------------------------------*/$background: #47a447 !default;$text-color: #fff !default;$tipsStylePadding: 15px !default;/* mixin---------------------------------*/@mixin tips($background,$text-color,$tipsStylePadding) { background-color: $background; color: $text-color; padding: $tipsStylePadding; margin-bottom: 20px; border-radius: 4px;}/*样式---------------------------------*///成功状态.tips-success { @include tips($background,$text-color,$tipsStylePadding);}//警告状态.tips-warning { @include tips($background,$text-color,$tipsStylePadding);}//错误状态.tips-error { @include tips($background,$text-color,$tipsStylePadding);}//信息状态(再扩展一个).tips-info { @include tips($background,$text-color,$tipsStylePadding);}
接下来我们要在所需要的文件,调用这个文件,这个组件就开发完了
//导入_tpis.scss@import '_tips';
问题?
重新覆写
重新覆写,会产生相同的代码,这不是我们想要的组件
//导入_tips.scss@import '_tips';.tips-success{ padding:5px;}/*编译后样式---------------------------------*/.tips-success{ background-color: #47a447; color: #fff; padding: 15px; margin-bottom: 20px; border-radius: 4px;}.tips-success{ padding: 5px;}
修改参数
改变@include的参数,同样会产生相同的代码,也不是我们想要的组件
//导入_tips.scss@import '_tips';.tips-success{ @include tips($tipsStyleBorder,5px);}/*编译后样式---------------------------------*/.tips-success{ background-color: #47a447; color: #fff; padding: 15px; margin-bottom: 20px; border-radius: 4px;}.tips-success{ background-color: #47a447; color: #fff; padding: 5px; margin-bottom: 20px; border-radius: 4px;}
正确解决方法
这里就需要使用 !default;特性
//申明$tpisStylePadding为5px$tpisStylePadding: 5px;//导入_tips.scss@import '_tips';/*编译后样式---------------------------------*/.tips-success { background-color: #47a447; color: #fff; padding: 5px; margin-bottom: 20px; border-radius: 4px;}
变量设计原则
参考文档

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