让网页图片变灰色的三种方法_html/css_WEB-ITnose
我一直喜欢灰度图像因为我认为他们看起来更有艺术感。很多图片编辑如Photoshop很容易把你的彩色图像变成灰度。甚至有选择调整颜色深度和色调。不幸的是,这样的效果想做在网络上并不容易,因为浏览器有差异。
1、CSS Filter
使用CSS过滤器属性可能是最简单的方法把图像变成灰度。以往,IE浏览器有一个专有的CSS属性称为过滤应用自定义效果包括灰度。
现在,过滤器属性是CSS3规范的一部分,并支持在一些浏览器,Firefox、Chrome和Safari。以前,我们也提到Webkit过滤器,它不仅将图像变成灰色也可以变成褐色和模糊效果。
添加如下CSS样式可以将图像变成灰色
img { -webkit-filter: grayscale(1);/* Webkit */ filter:gray;/* IE6-9 */ filter: grayscale(1);/* W3C */ }
支持IE6-9和Webkit浏览器(Chrome 18+, Safari 6.0+, and Opera 15+)
(注意:这段代码在Firefox上无效果。)
2、Javascript
第二种方法是通过使用JavaScript技术上应该支持所有JavaScript的浏览器,包括IE6以下
代码来自Ajax Blender.
varimgObj = document.getElementById('js-image'); functiongray(imgObj) { varcanvas = document.createElement('canvas'); varcanvasContext = canvas.getContext('2d'); varimgW = imgObj.width; varimgH = imgObj.height; canvas.width = imgW; canvas.height = imgH; canvasContext.drawImage(imgObj, 0, 0); varimgPixels = canvasContext.getImageData(0, 0, imgW, imgH); for(vary = 0; y < imgPixels.height; y++){ for(varx = 0; x < imgPixels.width; x++){ vari = (y * 4) * imgPixels.width + x * 4; varavg = (imgPixels.data[i] + imgPixels.data[i + 1] + imgPixels.data[i + 2]) / 3; imgPixels.data[i] = avg; imgPixels.data[i + 1] = avg; imgPixels.data[i + 2] = avg; } } canvasContext.putImageData(imgPixels, 0, 0, 0, 0, imgPixels.width, imgPixels.height); returncanvas.toDataURL(); } imgObj.src = gray(imgObj);
3、SVG
第三种方法来自SVG Filter.,你需要创建一个SVG文件,并将以下代码写在里面,保存命名为***.svg
<svgxmlns=" http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <filterid="grayscale"> <feColorMatrixtype="matrix"values="0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0 0 0 1 0"/> </filter> </svg>
然后利用过滤器的属性,我们可以通过SVG文件中的元素的ID连接SVG文件
img { filter:url('img/gray.svg#grayscale'); }
你也可以把它放到CSS文件中,例如:
img { filter:url('url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg%20xmlns=' http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'><filter%20id='grayscale'><feColorMatrix%20type='matrix'%20values='0.3333%200.3333%200.3333%200%200%200.3333%200.3333%200.3333%200%200%200.3333%200.3333%200.3333%200%200%200%200%200%201%200'/></filter></svg>#grayscale");') }
总结
为了能过跨浏览器支持灰度的效果,我们可以把上述方法和一起使用下面的代码片段去实现。这段代码将支持Firefox 3.5+, Opera 15+, Safari, Chrome, and IE
img { -webkit-filter: grayscale(100%); -webkit-filter: grayscale(1); filter: grayscale(100%); filter:url('../img/gray.svg#grayscale'); filter:gray; }
我们可以利用上面的代码和JavaScript方法和只提供CSS滤波器作为后备以防JavaScript被禁用。这个想法可以很容易地Modernizr的帮助下实现的。
.no-js img { -webkit-filter: grayscale(100%); -webkit-filter: grayscale(1); filter: grayscale(100%); filter:url('../img/gray.svg#grayscale'); filter:gray; }
OK了,你的浏览器上可以看到很炫的效果了!!

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