【技巧篇】解决悬浮的<header>、<footer>遮挡内容的处理技巧_html/css_WEB-ITnose

　　引言  

　　在现在的前端页面中，尤其是移动端，经常会需要将

或者是

模块悬浮出来，跟随页面的滑动保持定位在页面的最上方或者是最下方，如下图所示。

　　

　　“回复主题”模块，就是跟随页面的浮动一直悬浮在页面的最下方，代码结构如下。

1 ...2 <section class='footer'>3     <div class='reply-topic'>回复主题</div>4 </section>5 ...

　　实现这样的功能当然是利用position:fixed。但是，使用position:fixed有一个bug，以悬浮

在最下方为例（悬浮

同理），当页面滑到最下方的时候，由于是fixed定位，脱离了正常文档流，导致会遮挡住一部分内容。如下所示：

　　

　　上面左边是有问题的显示，右边为正常显示。那么，如何解决这个问题呢？在此，我抛砖引玉提出三种我的看法，希望能有更好的方法。

　　正题 　　

　　法一. Javasrript解决

　　使用js解决，判定当滑动条滑到页面内容的最底端的时候，将原本会脱离文档流的fixed定位改为不脱离文档流的relative定位即可。

　　使用脚本解决问题是最繁重的方法，能用css解决的尽量不使用脚本，但是也是一种方法。

 1     //滚动条在Y轴上的滚动距离 2     function getScrollTop(){ 3         　　return document.body.scrollTop; 4     } 5     //文档的总高度 6     function getScrollHeight(){ 7  8         　　return document.body.clientHeight; 9     }10     //浏览器视口的高度11     function getWindowHeight(){12         var windowHeight = 0;13 　　　　 if(document.compatMode == "CSS1Compat")14 　　　　{15 　　　　 　　windowHeight = document.documentElement.clientHeight;16 　　　　}17 　　　　else18 　　   {19 　　　　　　windowHeight = document.body.clientHeight;20 　　　　}21 　　　　return windowHeight;22     }23 24     //滑动监听25 　　window.onscroll = function(){26        //滑到底部时footer定于最下方,假定<footer>的height为6027        if((getScrollHeight() - getScrollTop() - getWindowHeight()) > 61)    28            $('.footer').css('position','fixed');        29        else30            $('.footer').css('position','relative');31     }

　　法二.给body加上padding-bottom

　　给html标签加上一个padding-bottom属性，这样正常文档流的内容距离body底部就会产生一个padding-bottom设置的距离。

　　缺点是，考虑到现在项目上线之后模块的复用及经常需要合并css文件，当其他页面不需要这个悬浮块，就会给不需要

fixed定位的页面造成负担，不推荐使用这种方法。

1 //假定<footer>的高度为60px2 body 3 {4     padding-bottom: 60px; 5 }

　　法三.增加同级占位符

　　个人认为这个方法最为实用，在

块之外再包裹一层div，然后再增加一个与

同级的

块，这个

块的高度设置为与

同样高，不包含任何内容，这样就可以起到一个占位符的效果，在页面最底占据与

同样高度的空间，当然页面滑到最下方，原本的

悬动块就会与这个占位块完美重叠。且不会对其他页面产生影响。代码如下：

　　唯一缺点是不符合语义化，增加了无实质内容的空标签。

 1 <!-- footer外包裹一层div--> 2 <div> 3     <!--充当占位符的div块，无实质内容 --> 4     <div style="height:60px;"></div>  5  6     <!--fixed悬浮出来的footer --> 7     <section class='footer'> 8         <div class='reply-topic'>回复主题</div> 9     </section>10 </div>    

　　

　　以上是我想到的三种方法，才疏学浅，文中若有纰漏错误或者有更好的方法，万望告知，感谢。

 

Related labels：

【技巧篇】解决悬浮的<header>、<footer>遮挡内容的处理技巧

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