CSS to make pictures horizontally and vertically centered_html/css_WEB-ITnose

The so-called horizontal and vertical centering of the image means placing the image in a container element (the container is larger than the image size or a container with a specified size), and the image is located in the middle of the container (the middle refers to in the middle of the element container), and the image is not displayed in the form of a background-image (background-image), but in the form of an element. As shown in the figure below:

Solve the problem?? Center the image horizontally and vertically

It is quite easy to solve the horizontal centering, if the image floats left and "display:inline" At this time, we only need to set a "text-align:center" attribute for the image to successfully solve the horizontal centering problem.

For the best solution for vertical centering, in modern browsers, we can set "dipslay:table-cell;vertical-align:middle" for the image container. This method can smoothly achieve the image Vertically centered, but only works in modern browsers and does not work properly in IE6-7. Will this be impossible to achieve? Don’t worry, everyone, let’s take a look at the following methods:

1. table-cell plus display:inline

This method is amazing, as we mentioned earlier I have said that using display-table and vertical-middle is the best way to achieve vertical centering of images in modern browsers, but IE6-7 does not support display:table-cell. In fact, it is not that serious. We only need to use IE6-7 to Give him another way to write it. In fact, it is not difficult to implement it under IE after mastering the principle. Let's take a look at this idea first:

1. First, set "display:table-cell;vertical-" in the container element of the image. align:middle;" to achieve vertical centering of the current browser;
2. IE6-7 has a good method, which is to create a line box with the same height as the image container, and give this line The box also sets "vertical-align:middle".

The next key is to create a line box for IE6-7. Fortunately, IE6-7 partially supports "dipslay:inline-block". In this way, we can create an empty element (such as span) in the image container and set the span's "display:inline-block;height:100%;vertical-align:middle".

There is a detail that needs to be paid attention to when creating a line box. The width of the empty line-block element in IE6-7 is "0", which has no effect in IE6-7. At this time, we need to add span If "width:1px" is selected, it will cause a 1px error in horizontal centering, but you can accept this bug.

Then the final solution is to use display:table-cell and set the display:inline-block line span. Of course, you still need to write some special code for IE. Next, let’s look at the code:

HTML Markup

<ul class="imgWrap clearfix">                <li><a href="#" class="imgBox"><span></span><img src="images/img1.jpg" alt="" /></a></li>                <li><a href="#" class="imgBox"><span></span><img src="images/img2.jpg" alt="" /></a></li>                <li><a href="#" class="imgBox"><span></span><img src="images/img3.jpg" alt="" /></a></li>                <li><a href="#" class="imgBox"><span></span><img src="images/img4.jpg" alt="" /></a></li>            </ul>        

<style type="text/css">                .imgWrap li {                    float: left;                    border: solid 1px #666;                    margin: 10px 10px 0 0;                    list-style: none;                    border-collapse: collapse;                 }                .imgWrap a {                    background: #ffa url(images/gridBg.gif) repeat center;                    width: 219px;                    height: 219px;                    display: table-cell;/*图片容器以表格的单元格形式显示*/                    text-align: center; /* 实现水平居中 */                    vertical-align: middle; /*实现垂直居中*/                                    }                .imgWrap a:hover {                    background-color: #dfd;                }                .imgWrap img {                    border: solid 1px #66f;                    vertical-align: middle; /*图片垂直居中*/                }                </style>                <!--下面是解决IE6-7的正常显示的代码-->                <!--[if lt IE 8]>                    <style type="text/css">                    .imgWrap a {                        display: block;                    }                    .imgWrap span {                        display: inline-block;                        vertical-align: middle;                        height: 100%;                    }                    .imgWrap {                        _height: 0;                        zoom: 1;                    }                    </style>                <![endif]-->

2. Use a blank label to vertically center the image

Set the span inline element to For inline block elements, that is, set its display to "inline-block", position its width to 1px, and its height to 100% of the container, so that the height can be the same as the height of the container, and then set it through "vertical-align:middle" Align vertically to achieve the desired effect. I feel that this method is better than the above method. The most important thing is not to write effects for IE alone, and it is easy to understand

<ul class="imgWrap clearfix">                <li><a href="#" class="imgBox"><span></span><img src="images/img1.jpg" alt="" /></a></li>                <li><a href="#" class="imgBox"><span></span><img src="images/img2.jpg" alt="" /></a></li>                <li><a href="#" class="imgBox"><span></span><img src="images/img3.jpg" alt="" /></a></li>                <li><a href="#" class="imgBox"><span></span><img src="images/img4.jpg" alt="" /></a></li>            </ul>

<style type="text/css">                .imgWrap li{                     width: 219px;                    height: 219px;                    float: left;                    border: solid 1px #666;                    margin: 10px 10px 0 0;                    list-style: none;                    text-align: center;                    font-size: 0;                }                .imgWrap a {                    display: block;                    height: 100%;                    background: #ffa url(images/gridBg.gif) repeat center;                }                .imgWrap a:hover {                    background-color: green;                }                .imgWrap span {                    display: inline-block;/*将行内元素改变为行内块元素显示*/                    width: 1px;/*实现ＩＥ下可读效果*/                    height: 100%;/*使用元素高度和图片容器高度一样*/                    vertical-align: middle;/*垂直对齐*/                }                .imgWrap img {                    vertical-align: middle;                }            </style>

3. display:table simulates a table to achieve vertical centering of images

The method I will talk about next is a bit complicated in structure, and it needs to be implemented with hacks in IE6-7. This method is to simulate the form of a table to achieve the effect of vertical centering of the image.

Everyone knows that tables have rows (table-row) and cells (table-cell). As we all know, "vertical-align: middle" in table cells can center elements vertically, so the following example It is made using this principle. Let’s look at the code together

<ul class="imgWrap clearfix">                <li>                    <div class="table">                        <div class="tableCell">                            <a href="#" class="imgBox"><img src="images/img1.jpg" alt="" /></a>                        </div>                    </div>                    </li>                <li>                    <div class="table">                        <div class="tableCell">                            <a href="#" class="imgBox"><img src="images/img2.jpg" alt="" /></a>                        </div>                    </div>                    </li>                <li>                    <div class="table">                        <div class="tableCell">                            <a href="#" class="imgBox"><img src="images/img3.jpg" alt="" /></a>                        </div>                    </div>                    </li>                <li>                    <div class="table">                        <div class="tableCell">                            <a href="#" class="imgBox"><img src="images/img4.jpg" alt="" /></a>                        </div>                    </div>                    </li>            </ul>    

.imgWrap li {                background: #ffa url(images/gridBg.gif) repeat center;                width: 219px;                height: 219px;                float: left;                border: solid 1px #666;                margin: 10px 10px 0 0;                list-style: none;                text-align: center;            }            .table {                width: 100%;                height: 100%;                display: table;                position: relative;            }                    .tableCell {                                display: table-cell;                vertical-align: middle;                text-align: center;                            padding: 10px;                *position: absolute;                *top: 50%;                *left: 50%;            }            .imgWrap a {                display: block;                *position:relative;                *top: -50%;                *left: -50%;            }

4 , jQuery method to achieve image centering

This method is very simple, that is, you have to use the jQuery method to convert the image to the background image of its parent element, and display the background image in the center of its parent element, and then add itself Set the transparency to "0", which can also achieve the effect of centering the image.

Html Markup

            <ul class="imgWrap clearfix">                <li><a href="#" class="imgBox"><img src="images/img1.jpg" alt="" /></a></li>                <li><a href="#" class="imgBox"><img src="images/img2.jpg" alt="" /></a></li>                <li><a href="#" class="imgBox"><img src="images/img3.jpg" alt="" /></a></li>                <li><a href="#" class="imgBox"><img src="images/img4.jpg" alt="" /></a></li>            </ul>    

CSS Code

            .imgWrap li {                float: left;                border: solid 1px #666;                margin: 10px 10px 0 0;                list-style: none;                background: #ffa url(images/gridBg.gif) repeat center;            }            .imgWrap a {                width: 219px;                height: 219px;                display: block;            }

jQuery Code

            //先写一个小插件            $.fn.imgVAlign=function(){                return $(this).each(function(i){                    //获取图片的src值，并定义给变量bg                    var bg = $(this).attr("src");                    //给图片的父元素定义背景图片的样式，并且背景图片                    $(this).parent().css({"background": "url("+ bg +") no-repeat center center"                    });                    //将图片隐藏                    $(this).css("opacity","0");                });            }            //调用上面写的插件            $(document).ready(function(){                $(".imgBox img").imgVAlign();            });