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Python处理JSON时的值报错及编码报错的两则解决实录

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Release： 2016-07-06 13:29:46
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1、ValueError: Invalid control character at: line 1 column 8363 (char 8362)
使用json.loads(json_data)时，出现：

ValueError: Invalid control character at: line 1 column 8363 (char 8362)
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出现错误的原因是字符串中包含了回车符（\r）或者换行符（\n）
解决方法：
(1)对这些字符转义：

json_data = json_data.replace('\r', '\\r').replace('\n', '\\n')
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(2)使用关键字strict:

json.loads(json_data, strict=False)
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strict默认是True,它将严格控制内部字符串，将其设置为False,便可以允许你\n \r。


2、UnicodeEncodeError: ascii codec can't encode错误
在windows下写的python脚本，放到linux下运行，直接报：

UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 0-11: ordinal not in range(128)

出错原因是Python2.7在安装时，默认的编码是ascii，当程序中出现非ascii编码时，Python的处理常常会报这样的错，不过在Python3中就不会有这样的问题。
解决方法：
（1）临时解决方法：
在代码前加入：

import sys 
reload(sys) 
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')
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（2）一劳永逸：
在Python的lib\site-packages文件夹下新建一个sitecustomize.py，内容如下：

# encoding=utf8 
import sys 

reload(sys) 
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')
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这样的话，系统在Python启动的时候，自行调用该文件，设置系统的默认编码。

Related labels：
json python coding mistake
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