Short answer:
pm.max_children = maximum number of concurrencies
Detailed answer:
pm.max_children represents the maximum number of child processes that php-fpm can start. Because php-fpm is a multi-process single-thread synchronization mode, that is, one sub-process can handle at most one request at the same time, so the number of sub-processes is equal to the maximum number of concurrencies.
The number of processes is generally limited by memory, similar to nginx. Calculating this value based on memory is the most reasonable. When it reaches a certain amount, other hardware configurations, such as io, may need to be tested! So the answer is it definitely has an impact
There must be, I saw it before when I checked the high concurrency configuration of Nginx.