Table of Contents
PHP中strpos、strstr和stripos、stristr函数分析,strposstristr
Home php教程 php手册 PHP中strpos、strstr和stripos、stristr函数分析,strposstristr

PHP中strpos、strstr和stripos、stristr函数分析,strposstristr

Jul 06, 2016 pm 02:25 PM
php strpos

PHP中strpos、strstr和stripos、stristr函数分析,strposstristr

本文为大家分析了 PHP中strpos、strstr和stripos、stristr函数,供大家参考,具体内容如下

strpos

mixed strpos ( string $haystack, mixed $needle [, int $offset = 0 ] )
如果offset指定了,查找会从offset的位置开始。offset不能为负数。

返回needle第一次出现在haystack的位置。如果在haystack中找不到needle,则返回FALSE。

needle,如果needle不是字符串,它会被转换成整型数值并赋值为该数值的ASCII字符。请看下面例子。

例子

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

$str = "hello";

$pos = strpos($str, 111);

// 111的ASCII值是o,因此$pos = 4

strpos核心源码

 

if (Z_TYPE_P(needle) == IS_STRING) {

   if (!Z_STRLEN_P(needle)) {

     php_error_docref(NULL TSRMLS_CC, E_WARNING, "Empty needle");

     RETURN_FALSE;

   }

 

   // 调用php_memnstr函数查找needle

   found = php_memnstr(haystack + offset,

              Z_STRVAL_P(needle),

              Z_STRLEN_P(needle),

              haystack + haystack_len);

   } else {

     // 如果不是字符串,转换成数字并赋值为该数字的ASCII字符。

     if (php_needle_char(needle, needle_char TSRMLS_CC) != SUCCESS) {

        RETURN_FALSE;

     }

     //设置结束字符

     needle_char[1] = 0;

     found = php_memnstr(haystack + offset,

              needle_char,

              1,

              haystack + haystack_len);

   }

}

Copy after login

有一点要注意的是,如果needle不是字符串的话,会调用php_needle_char函数将needle转成整型数字并转换为其ASCII值。

查找函数

函数最后返回的是found,php_memnstr函数实现了查找的方法。那么再继续看看php_memnstr函数做了什么:

#define php_memnstr zend_memnstr
php_memnstr是函数zend_memnstr的宏定义,查看zend_memnstr函数如下:

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

static inline char *

zend_memnstr(char *haystack, char *needle, int needle_len, char *end)

{

  char *p = haystack;

  char ne = needle[needle_len-1];

  if (needle_len == 1) {

    return (char *)memchr(p, *needle, (end-p));

  }

 

  if (needle_len > end-haystack) {

    return NULL;

  }

 

  // 第一个优化,只查找end - needle_len次

  end -= needle_len;

 

  while (p <= end) {

    // 第二个优化,先判断字符串的开头和结尾是否一样再判断整个字符串

    if ((p = (char *)memchr(p, *needle, (end-p+1))) && ne == p[needle_len-1]) {

      if (!memcmp(needle, p, needle_len-1)) {

        return p;

      }

    }

 

    if (p == NULL) {

      return NULL;

    }

 

    p++;

  }

 

  return NULL;

}

Copy after login

第一个优化,因为(char *)memchr(p, *needle, (end-p+1)是在end – needle_len + 1(即haystack_len+1)中查找,如果p为空,说明needle的第一个字符在p中从未出现过。

strstr

string strstr ( string $haystack, mixed $needle [, bool $before_needle = false ] )

返回needle在haystack中第一次出现的位置到结束的字符串。
这个函数的区分大小写的。

如果needle在haystack中不存在,返回FALSE。

如果before_needle为true,则返回haystack中needle在haystack第一次出现的位置之前的字符串。

strstr核心源码

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

if (found) {

    // 计算出found的位置

    found_offset = found - haystack;

    if (part) {

      RETURN_STRINGL(haystack, found_offset, 1);

    } else {

      RETURN_STRINGL(found, haystack_len - found_offset, 1);

    }

}

Copy after login

strstr函数的前半部分跟strpos类似,区别在于strstr函数在找到位置后,需要返回haystack部分的字符串。part变量就是调用strstr函数时传递的before_needle变量。

stripos

mixed stripos ( string $haystack, string $needle [, int $offset = 0 ] )

不区分大小写的strpos。实现方式跟下面的类似,主要是使用一份拷贝然后将需要比较的字符串转换成小写字符后进行再进行查找。

stristr

string stristr ( string $haystack, mixed $needle [, bool $before_needle = false ] ) 不区分大小写的strstr。

核心源码

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

// 拷贝一份haystack

haystack_dup = estrndup(haystack, haystack_len);

 

if (Z_TYPE_P(needle) == IS_STRING) {

  char *orig_needle;

  if (!Z_STRLEN_P(needle)) {

    php_error_docref(NULL TSRMLS_CC, E_WARNING, "Empty needle");

    efree(haystack_dup);

    RETURN_FALSE;

  }

  orig_needle = estrndup(Z_STRVAL_P(needle), Z_STRLEN_P(needle));

  // 调用php_stristr函数找出orig_needle的值。

  found = php_stristr(haystack_dup, orig_needle,  haystack_len, Z_STRLEN_P(needle));

  efree(orig_needle);

} else {

  if (php_needle_char(needle, needle_char TSRMLS_CC) != SUCCESS) {

    efree(haystack_dup);

    RETURN_FALSE;

  }

  needle_char[1] = 0;

 

  found = php_stristr(haystack_dup, needle_char,  haystack_len, 1);

}

 

if (found) {

  found_offset = found - haystack_dup;

  if (part) {

    RETVAL_STRINGL(haystack, found_offset, 1);

  } else {

    RETVAL_STRINGL(haystack + found_offset, haystack_len - found_offset, 1);

  }

} else {

  RETVAL_FALSE;

}

 

// 释放变量

efree(haystack_dup);

Copy after login

可以知道,found是从php_stristr中得到的,继续查看php_stristr函数:

1

2

3

4

5

6

PHPAPI char *php_stristr(char *s, char *t, size_t s_len, size_t t_len)

{

  php_strtolower(s, s_len);

  php_strtolower(t, t_len);

  return php_memnstr(s, t, t_len, s + s_len);

}

Copy after login

这个函数的功能就是将字符串都转成小写之后调用php_mennstr函数来查找needle在haystack第一次出现的位置。

总结

因为strpos/stripos返回的是位置,位置从0开始计算,所以判断查找失败都用=== FALSE更适合。

阅读PHP的源码收获挺多,一方面可以知道某个函数的具体实现原理是怎样的,另一方面可以学习到一些编程优化方案。

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家学习php程序设计有所帮助。

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian Dec 24, 2024 pm 04:42 PM

PHP 8.4 brings several new features, security improvements, and performance improvements with healthy amounts of feature deprecations and removals. This guide explains how to install PHP 8.4 or upgrade to PHP 8.4 on Ubuntu, Debian, or their derivati

7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before 7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before Nov 13, 2024 am 09:42 AM

If you are an experienced PHP developer, you might have the feeling that you’ve been there and done that already.You have developed a significant number of applications, debugged millions of lines of code, and tweaked a bunch of scripts to achieve op

How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development Dec 20, 2024 am 11:31 AM

Visual Studio Code, also known as VS Code, is a free source code editor — or integrated development environment (IDE) — available for all major operating systems. With a large collection of extensions for many programming languages, VS Code can be c

Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? Feb 07, 2025 am 11:57 AM

This tutorial demonstrates how to efficiently process XML documents using PHP. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a versatile text-based markup language designed for both human readability and machine parsing. It's commonly used for data storage an

PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String Feb 07, 2025 pm 12:12 PM

A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total

Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? Apr 03, 2025 am 12:03 AM

What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.

See all articles