Home > Backend Development > PHP Tutorial > php多线程实现方法及用法实例详解_php技巧

php多线程实现方法及用法实例详解_php技巧

WBOY
Release: 2016-05-16 20:06:01
Original
1588 people have browsed it

下面我们来介绍具体php多线程实现程序代码,有需要了解的同学可参考。
当有人想要实现并发功能时,他们通常会想到用fork或者spawn threads,但是当他们发现php不支持多线程的时候,大概会转换思路去用一些不够好的语言,比如perl。
其实的是大多数情况下,你大可不必使用fork 或者线程,并且你会得到比用fork 或thread 更好的性能。
假设你要建立一个服务来检查正在运行的n台服务器,以确定他们还在正常运转。你可能会写下面这样的代码:
代码如下 

<&#63;php
$hosts = array("host1.sample.com", "host2.sample.com", "host3.sample.com");
$timeout = 15;
$status = array();
foreach ($hosts as $host) {
 $errno = 0;
 $errstr = "";
 $s = fsockopen($host, 80, $errno, $errstr, $timeout);
 if ($s) {
 $status[$host] = "Connectedn";
 fwrite($s, "HEAD / HTTP/1.0rnHost: $hostrnrn");
 do {
  $data = fread($s, 8192);
  if (strlen($data) == 0) {
  break;
  }
  $status[$host] .= $data;
 } while (true);
 fclose($s);
 } else {
 $status[$host] = "Connection failed: $errno $errstrn";
 }
}
print_r($status);
&#63;> 
Copy after login

它运行的很好,但是在fsockopen()分析完hostname并且建立一个成功的连接(或者延时$timeout秒)之前,扩充这段代码来管理大量服务器将耗费很长时间。
因此我们必须放弃这段代码;我们可以建立异步连接-不需要等待fsockopen返回连接状态。PHP仍然需要解析hostname(所以直接使用ip更加明智),不过将在打开一个连接之后立刻返回,继而我们就可以连接下一台服务器。
两种方法可以实现:PHP5中可以使用新增的stream_socket_client()函数直接替换掉fsocketopen()。PHP5之前的版本,你需要自己动手,用sockets扩展解决问题。
下面是PHP5中的解决方法:
代码如下

<&#63;php
$hosts = array("host1.sample.com", "host2.sample.com", "host3.sample.com");
$timeout = 15;
$status = array();
$sockets = array();
/* Initiate connections to all the hosts simultaneously */
foreach ($hosts as $id => $host) {
 $s = stream_socket_client("
$
$host:80", $errno, $errstr, $timeout,
 STREAM_CLIENT_ASYNC_CONNECT|STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT);
 if ($s) {
 $sockets[$id] = $s;
 $status[$id] = "in progress";
 } else {
 $status[$id] = "failed, $errno $errstr";
 }
}
/* Now, wait for the results to come back in */
while (count($sockets)) {
 $read = $write = $sockets;
 /* This is the magic function - explained below */
 $n = stream_select($read, $write, $e = null, $timeout);
 if ($n > 0) {
 /* readable sockets either have data for us, or are failed
  * connection attempts */
 foreach ($read as $r) {
   $id = array_search($r, $sockets);
   $data = fread($r, 8192);
   if (strlen($data) == 0) {
  if ($status[$id] == "in progress") {
  $status[$id] = "failed to connect";
  }
  fclose($r);
  unset($sockets[$id]);
   } else {
  $status[$id] .= $data;
   }
 }
 /* writeable sockets can accept an HTTP request */
 foreach ($write as $w) {
  $id = array_search($w, $sockets);
  fwrite($w, "HEAD / HTTP/1.0rnHost: "
  . $hosts[$id] . "rnrn");
  $status[$id] = "waiting for response";
 }
 } else {
 /* timed out waiting; assume that all hosts associated
  * with $sockets are faulty */
 foreach ($sockets as $id => $s) {
  $status[$id] = "timed out " . $status[$id];
 }
 break;
 }
}
foreach ($hosts as $id => $host) {
 echo "Host: $hostn";
 echo "Status: " . $status[$id] . "nn";
} 
&#63;> 
Copy after login

我们用stream_select()等待sockets打开的连接事件。stream_select()调用系统的select(2)函数来工作:前面三个参数是你要使用的streams的数组;你可以对其读取,写入和获取异常(分别针对三个参数)。stream_select()可以通过设置$timeout(秒)参数来等待事件发生-事件发生时,相应的sockets数据将写入你传入的参数。
下面是PHP4.1.0之后版本的实现,如果你已经在编译PHP时包含了sockets(ext/sockets)支持,你可以使用根上面类似的代码,只是需要将上面的streams/filesystem函数的功能用ext/sockets函数实现。主要的不同在于我们用下面的函数代替stream_socket_client()来建立连接:
代码如下

<&#63;php
// This value is correct for Linux, other systems have other values
define('EINPROGRESS', 115);
function non_blocking_connect($host, $port, &$errno, &$errstr, $timeout) {
 $ip = gethostbyname($host);
 $s = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
 if (socket_set_nonblock($s)) {
 $r = @socket_connect($s, $ip, $port);
 if ($r || socket_last_error() == EINPROGRESS) {
  $errno = EINPROGRESS;
  return $s;
 }
 }
 $errno = socket_last_error($s);
 $errstr = socket_strerror($errno);
 socket_close($s);
 return false;
}
&#63;> 
Copy after login

现在用socket_select()替换掉stream_select(),用socket_read()替换掉fread(),用socket_write()替换掉fwrite(),用socket_close()替换掉fclose()就可以执行脚本了!
PHP5的先进之处在于,你可以用stream_select()处理几乎所有的stream-例如你可以通过include STDIN用它接收键盘输入并保存进数组,你还可以接收通过proc_open()打开的管道中的数据。
下面来分享一个PHP多线程类
代码如下

* @title:   PHP多线程类(Thread)
 * @version:  1.0
 * 
 * PHP多线程应用示例:
 * require_once 'thread.class.php';
 * $thread = new thread();
 * $thread->addthread('action_log','a');
 * $thread->addthread('action_log','b');
 * $thread->addthread('action_log','c');
 * $thread->runthread();
 * 
 * function action_log($info) {
 *   $log = 'log/' . microtime() . '.log';
 *   $txt = $info . "rnrn" . 'Set in ' . Date('h:i:s', time()) . (double)microtime() . "rn";
 *   $fp = fopen($log, 'w');
 *   fwrite($fp, $txt);
 *   fclose($fp);
 * }
 */
class thread {
 
  var $hooks = array();
  var $args = array();
 
  function thread() {
  }
 
  function addthread($func)
  {
    $args = array_slice(func_get_args(), 1);
    $this->hooks[] = $func;
    $this->args[] = $args;
    return true;
  }
 
  function runthread()
  {
    if(isset($_GET['flag']))
    {
      $flag = intval($_GET['flag']);
    }
    if($flag || $flag === 0)
    {
      call_user_func_array($this->hooks[$flag], $this->args[$flag]);
    }
    else
    {
      for($i = 0, $size = count($this->hooks); $i < $size; $i++)
      {
        $fp=fsockopen($_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'],$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT']);
        if($fp)
        {
          $out = "GET {$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']}&#63;flag=$i HTTP/1.1rn";
          $out .= "Host: {$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']}rn";
          $out .= "Connection: Closernrn";
          fputs($fp,$out);
          fclose($fp);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
Copy after login

希望本文所述对大家的PHP程序设计有所帮助。

Related labels:
source:php.cn
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
Popular Tutorials
More>
Latest Downloads
More>
Web Effects
Website Source Code
Website Materials
Front End Template