To access the contents of a variable, use its name directly. If the variable is an array, its contents can be accessed using a combination of the variable name and a keyword or index.
Like other variables, the contents of array elements can be changed using operator =. Array cells can be accessed via the array[key] syntax.
Basic operations on arrays
PHP defines array:
<?php $array = array(); $array["key"] = "values"; ?>
There are two main ways to declare arrays in PHP:
1. Use the array() function to declare an array,
2. Directly assign values to array elements.
<?php
//array数组
$users = array('phone','computer','dos','linux');
echo $users;//只会打印出数据类型Array
print_r($users);//Array ( [0] => phone [1] => computer [2] => dos [3] => linux )
$numbers = range(1,5);//创建一个包含指定范围的数组
print_r($numbers);//Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 [3] => 4 [4] => 5 )
print_r(true);//1
var_dump(false);//bool(false)
//print_r可以把字符串和数字简单地打印出来，数组会以Array开头并已键值形式表示，print_r输出布尔值和null的结果没有意义，因此用var_dump更合适
//通过循环来显示数组里所有的值
for($i = 0 ;$i < 5;$i++){
echo $users[$i];
echo '<br/>';
}
//通过count/sizeof统计数组中单元数目或对象中的属性个数
for($i = 0; $i < count($users);$i++){
echo $users[$i];
echo '<br/>';
}
//还可以通过foreach循环来遍历数组，这种好处在于不需要考虑key
foreach($users as $value){
echo $value.'<br/>';//点号为字符串连接符号
}
//foreach循环遍历 $key => $value；$key和$value是变量名，可以自行设置
foreach($users as $key => $value){
echo $key.'<br/>';//输出键
}
?>
Create an array of custom keys
<?php
//创建自定义键的数组
$ceo = array('apple'=>'jobs','microsoft'=>'Nadella','Larry Page','Eric');
//如果不去声明元素的key,它会从零开始
print_r($ceo);//Array ( [apple] => jobs [microsoft] => Nadella [0] => Larry Page [1] => Eric )
echo $ceo['apple'];//jobs
//php5.4起的用法
$array = [
"foo" => "bar",
"bar" => "foo",
];
print_r($array);//Array ( [foo] => bar [bar] => foo )
?>
From php5.4 onwards, you can use short array definition syntax, using [] instead of array(). It is somewhat similar to the definition of arrays in JavaScript.
Usage of each()
<?php
//通过为数组元素赋值来创建数组
$ages['trigkit4'] = 22;
echo $ages.'<br/>';//Array
//因为相关数组的索引不是数字，所以无法通过for循环来进行遍历操作，只能通过foreach循环或list()和each()结构
//each的使用
//each返回数组中当前的键/值对并将数组指针向前移动一步
$users = array('trigkit4'=>22,'mike'=>20,'john'=>30);
//print_r(each($users));//Array ( [1] => 22 [value] => 22 [0] => trigkit4 [key] => trigkit4 )
//相当于：$a = array([0]=>trigkit4,[1]=>22,[value]=>22,[key]=>trigkit4);
$a = each($users);//each把原来的数组的第一个元素拿出来包装成新数组后赋值给$a
echo $a[0];//trigkit4
//!!表示将真实存在的数据转换成布尔值
echo !!each($users);//1
?>
The pointer of each points to the first key-value pair, and returns the first array element, obtains its key-value pair, and wraps it into a new array
Usage of list()
list is used to assign the values of the array to some variables, see the following example:
<?php $a = ['2','abc','def']; list($var1,$var2) = $a; echo $var1.'<br/>';//2 echo $var2;//abc $a = ['name'=>'trigkit4','age'=>22,'0'=>'boy']; //list只认识key为数字的索引 list($var1,$var2) = $a; echo $var1;//boy ?>
Note: list only recognizes indexes whose keys are numbers
Sort of array elements
Reverse sorting: sort(), asort() and ksort() are all forward sorting, and of course there is a corresponding reverse sorting.
Implement reverse: rsort(), arsort() and krsort().
The array_unshift() function adds new elements to the head of the array, and the array_push() function adds each new element to the end of the array.
array_shift() deletes the first element at the head of the array. The opposite function is array_pop(), which deletes and returns an element at the end of the array.
array_rand() returns one or more keys in an array.
The function shuffle() randomly sorts the elements of the array.
The function array_reverse() gives a reverse sort of the original array
Uses of various APIs for arrays
count() and sizeof() count the number of array subscripts
array_count_values() counts the number of subscript values in the array
<?php
$numbers = array('100','2');
sort($numbers,SORT_STRING);//按字符串排序，字符串只比较第一位大小
print_r($numbers);//Array ( [0] => 100 [1] => 2 )
$arr = array('trigkit4','banner','10');
sort($arr,SORT_STRING);
print_r($arr);//Array ( [0] => 10 [1] => banner [2] => trigkit4 )
shuffle($arr);
print_r($arr);//随机排序
$array = array('a','b','c','d','0','1');
array_reverse($array);
print_r($array);//原数组的反向排序。 Array ( [0] => a [1] => b [2] => c [3] => d [4] => 0 [5] => 1 )
//数组的拷贝
$arr1 = array( '10' , 2);
$arr2 = &$arr1 ;
$arr2 [] = 4 ; // $arr2 被改变了,$arr1仍然是array('10', 3)
print_r($arr2);//Array ( [0] => 10 [1] => 2 [2] => 4 )
//asort的使用
$arr3 = & $arr1 ;//现在arr1和arr3是一样的
$arr3 [] = '3' ;
asort($arr3);//对数组进行排序并保留原始关系
print_r($arr3);// Array ( [1] => 2 [2] => 3 [0] => 10 )
//ksort的使用
$fruits = array('c'=>'banana','a'=>'apple','d'=>'orange');
ksort($fruits);
print_r($fruits);//Array ( [a] => apple [c] => banana [d] => orange )
//unshift的使用
array_unshift($array,'z');//开头处添加一元素
print_r($array);//Array ( [0] => z [1] => a [2] => b [3] => c [4] => d [5] => 0 [6] => 1 )
//current(pos)的使用
echo current($array);//z;获取当前数组中的当前单元
//next的使用
echo next($array);//a;将数组中的内部指针向前移动一位
//reset的使用
echo reset($array);//z;将数组内部指针指向第一个单元
//prev的使用
echo next($array);//a;
echo prev($array);//z;倒回一位
//sizeof的使用
echo sizeof($array);//7；统计数组元素的个数
//array_count_values
$num = array(10,20,30,10,20,1,0,10);//统计数组元素出现的次数
print_r(array_count_values($num));//Array ( [10] => 3 [20] => 2 [30] => 1 [1] => 1 [0] => 1 )
?>
current(): Each array has an internal pointer pointing to its current unit, initially pointing to the first element inserted into the array
for loop traversal
<?php
$value = range(0,120,10);
for($i=0;$i<count($value);$i++){
print_r($value[$i].' ');//0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
}
?>
Instance of array
Usage of array_pad function
<?php //array_pad函数，数组数组首尾选择性追加 $num = array(1=>10,2=>20,3=>30); $num = array_pad($num,4,40); print_r($num);//Array ( [0] => 10 [1] => 20 [2] => 30 [3] => 40 ) $num = array_pad($num,-5,50);//array_pad(array,size,value) print_r($num);//Array ( [0] => 50 [1] => 10 [2] => 20 [3] => 30 [4] => 40 ) ?>
size: specified length. Integers are padded to the right, and negative numbers are padded to the left.
Usage of unset()
<?php //unset()的使用 $num = array_fill(0,5,rand(1,10));//rand(min,max) print_r($num);//Array ( [0] => 8 [1] => 8 [2] => 8 [3] => 8 [4] => 8 ) echo '<br/>'; unset($num[3]); print_r($num);//Array ( [0] => 8 [1] => 8 [2] => 8 [4] => 8 ) ?>
Usage of array_fill()
<?php
//array_fill()的使用
$num = range('a','e');
$arrayFilled = array_fill(1,2,$num);//array_fill(start,number,value)
echo '<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">';
print_r($arrayFilled);
?>
Usage of array_combine()
<?PHP
$number = array(1,2,3,4,5);
$array = array("I","Am","A","PHP","er");
$newArray = array_combine($number,$array);
print_r($newArray);//Array ( [1] => I [2] => Am [3] => A [4] => PHP [5] => er )
?>
array_splice() deletes array members
<?php
$color = array("red", "green", "blue", "yellow");
count ($color); //得到4
array_splice($color,1,1); //删除第二个元素
print_r(count ($color)); //3
echo $color[2]; //yellow
echo $color[1]; //blue
?>
array_unique removes duplicate values in an array
<?php
$color=array("red", "green", "blue", "yellow","blue","green");
$result = array_unique($color);
print_r($result);//Array ( [0] => red [1] => green [2] => blue [3] => yellow )
?>
array_flip() exchanges the key and value of the array
<?PHP
$array = array("red","blue","red","Black");
print_r($array);
echo "<br />";
$array = array_flip($array);//
print_r($array);//Array ( [red] => 2 [blue] => 1 [Black] => 3 )
?>
array_search() search value
<meta charset="utf-8">
<?php
$array = array("red","blue","red","Black");
$result=array_search("red",$array)//array_search(value,array,strict)
if(($result === NULL)){
echo "不存在数值red";
}else{
echo "存在数值 $result";//存在数值 0
}
?> 
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