浅析PHP中Session可能会引起并发问题_php技巧
在进行Web应用程序开发的时候，人们经常会用Session存储数据。但可能有人不知道，在PHP中，Session使用不当可能会引起并发问题。印度医疗行业软件解决方案提供商Plus91 Technologies高级工程师Kishan Gor在个人博客上对这个问题进行了阐释。
如果同一个客户端并发发送多个请求，而每个请求都使用了Session，那么PHP Session锁的存在会导致服务器串行响应这些请求，而不是并行。这是因为在默认情况下，PHP使用文件存储Session数据。对于每一个新的Session，PHP会创建一个文件，并持续向其中写入数据。所以，每次调用session_start（）方法，就会打开Session文件，并取得文件的独占锁。这样，如果服务器脚本正在处理一个请求，而客户端又发送了一个同样需要使用Session的请求，那么后一个请求会阻塞，直至前一个请求处理完成释放了文件上的独占锁。不过，这只限于来自同一个客户端的多个请求，也就是说，来自一个客户端的请求并不会阻塞另一个客户端的请求。
如果脚本很短，这通常没有问题。但如果脚本运行时间比较长，那就可能会产生问题。在现代Web应用程序开发中，有一个非常常见的情况，就是使用AJAX技术在同一个页面内发送多个请求获取数据。如果这些请求都需要使用Session，那么第一个请求到达服务器后会取得Session锁，其它请求就必须等待，所有请求将串行处理，即使它们彼此之间并没有依赖关系。这将大大增加页面的响应时间。
有一个方法可以避免这个问题，就是在使用完Session以后立即调用session_write_close（）方法关闭Session。这样Session锁就会释放，即使当前脚本还在等在处理。需要注意的是，调用该方法后，当前脚本就不能进一步操作Session了。
需要特别指出的是，本文所陈述的问题和观点只适用于使用session_start（）方法的PHP默认Session管理模式。比如，有用户就指出，如果将应用程序托管在AWS EC2上，并正确配置DynamoDB，Session锁定问题就不会出现。
附上一份实例代码：
Session.php
<?php
final class SessionController extends YafController_Abstract
{
public function setUserFileAction()
{
session_start();
$_SESSION['user_name'] = 'xudianyang';
$_SESSION['user_id'] = '123';
sleep(3);
echo json_encode($_SESSION);
return false;
}
public function setLoginFileAction()
{
session_start();
$_SESSION['last_time'] = time();
echo json_encode($_SESSION);
return false;
}
public function indexFileAction()
{
// Auto Rend View
}
public function getSessionFileAction()
{
session_start();
var_dump($_SESSION);
return false;
}
public function setUserRedisAction()
{
$session = CoreFactory::session();
$session->set('user_name', 'xudianyang');
$session->set('user_id', '123');
sleep(3);
echo json_encode($_SESSION);
return false;
}
public function setLoginRedisAction()
{
$session = CoreFactory::session();
$session->set('last_time', time());
echo json_encode($_SESSION);
return false;
}
public function indexRedisAction()
{
// Auto Rend View
}
public function getSessionRedisAction()
{
$session = CoreFactory::session();
var_dump($_SESSION);
return false;
}
}
indexfile.phtml
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>测试session并发锁问题</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/js/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$.ajax({
url: "/session/setUserFile",
type: "get",
dataType: "json",
success: function(response){
console.info(response.last_time);
}
});
setTimeout(function(){
$.ajax({
url: "/session/setLoginFile",
type: "get",
dataType: "json",
success: function(response){
console.info(response.last_time);
}
});
}, 300);
</script>
</head>
<body>
同时发起2两个ajax请求
</body>
</html>
indexredis.phtml
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>测试session并发锁问题</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/js/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$.ajax({
url: "/session/setUserRedis",
type: "get",
dataType: "json",
success: function(response){
console.info(response.last_time);
}
});
setTimeout(function(){
$.ajax({
url: "/session/setLoginRedis",
type: "get",
dataType: "json",
success: function(response){
console.info(response.last_time);
}
});
}, 300);
</script>
</head>
<body>
同时发起2两个ajax请求
</body>
</html>
以上所述就是本文的全部内容了，希望大家能够喜欢。
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