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/** Sftp usage tutorial in php Telnet, FTP, SSH, SFTP, SSL (1) Introduction to ftp protocol
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is one of the commonly used protocols on the Internet. People use FTP to transfer files on the Internet. Like many other communication protocols, the FTP communication protocol also adopts the Client/Server architecture. Users can use various FTP client programs, Use the FTP protocol to connect to the FTP server to upload or download files. FTP command transmission and data transmission are transmitted through different ports FTP is a specific application of TCP/IP. It works on the seventh layer of the OSI model and the fourth layer of the TCP model, which is the application layer. It uses TCP transmission instead of UDP, In this way, the FTP client must go through a well-known "three-way handshake" process before establishing a connection with the server. The significance of this is that the connection between the client and the server is reliable, It is also connection-oriented, providing reliable guarantee for data transmission.
(2) ssh protocol
The full name of ssh is SecureShell, which can encrypt all transmitted data so that the 'middleman' cannot obtain the data we transmit Colleagues, the transmitted data is compressed, which can speed up the transmission. SSH has many functions, it can replace telnet and also provide a secure channel for ftppop
The most important parts of the SSH protocol framework are three protocols:
* The Transport Layer Protocol provides support for server authentication, data confidentiality, information integrity, etc.; * The User Authentication Protocol provides the server with client identity authentication; * The Connection Protocol multiplexes the encrypted information tunnel into several logical channels for use by higher-layer application protocols; Various high-level application protocols can be relatively independent of the SSH basic system, and rely on this basic framework to use the SSH security mechanism through the connection protocol.
(3) sftp protocol The protocol for FTP transfer using SSH protocol is called SFTP (Secure File Transfer). Sftp and Ftp are both file transfer protocols. Difference: sftp is a protocol included in ssh (ssh is an encrypted telnet protocol), As long as the sshd server is started, it is available, and sftp is more secure and does not require the ftp server to be started. sftp = ssh ftp (Secure File Transfer Protocol). Since ftp is transmitted in clear text, There is no security, and sftp is based on ssh, and the transmission content is encrypted, which is more secure. The current network is not very secure. Those who used telnet in the past have switched to ssh2 (SSH1 has been cracked). Use the sftp tool with ftp The method is the same. However, its transmitted files are encrypted through SSL and cannot be cracked even if they are intercepted. Moreover, sftp has more functions than ftp, including some more file attribute settings
*/
// Note that this is just to introduce ftp and does not verify it; class ftp{
//Initial configuration is NULL private $config =NULL ; // The connection is NULL private $conn = NULL;
public function init($config){ $this->config = $config; }
// ftp connection public function connect(){ return $this->conn = ftp_connect($this->config['host'],$this->config['port'])); }
//Transmit data Transport layer protocol, obtain data true or false public function download($remote, $local,$mode = 'auto'){ return $result = @ftp_get($this->conn, $localpath, $remotepath, $mode); }
//Transmit data Transport layer protocol, upload data true or false public function upload($remote, $local,$mode = 'auto'){ return $result = @ftp_put($this->conn, $localpath, $remotepath, $mode); }
//Delete file public function remove($remote){ return $result = @ftp_delete($this->conn_id, $file); }
}
// Use $config = array( 'hostname' => 'localhost', 'username' => 'root', 'password' => 'root', 'port' => 21
) ;
$ftp = new Ftp(); $ftp->connect($config); $ftp->upload('ftp_err.log','ftp_upload.log'); $ftp->download('ftp_upload.log','ftp_download.log');
/*Write the ftp class based on ssh based on the above three protocols We know that there are two ways to perform identity authentication: public key; password; (1) Log in with password (2) Password-free login means using public key to log in
*/
class sftp{
//Initial configuration is NULL private $config =NULL ; // The connection is NULL private $conn = NULL;
//Whether to use the secret key to log in private $use_pubkey_file= false;
//Initialization public function init($config){ $this->config = $config ; }
// Connect ssh, there are two ways to connect (1) Use password // (2) Use secret key public function connect(){
$methods['hostkey'] = $use_pubkey_file ? 'ssh-rsa' : [] ; $con = ssh2_connect($this->config['host'], $this->config['port'], $methods); //(1) When using the secret key if($use_pubkey_file){ //User Authentication Protocol $rc = ssh2_auth_pubkey_file( $conn, $this->config['user'], $this->config['pubkey_file'], $this->config['privkey_file'], $this->config['passphrase']) ); //(2) Use login username and password }else{ $rc = ssh2_auth_password( $conn, $this->conf_['user'],$this->conf_['passwd']);
}
return $rc ; }
//Transmit data transport layer protocol, obtain data public function download($remote, $local){
return ssh2_scp_recv($this->conn_, $remote, $local); }
//Transmit data transport layer protocol, write ftp server data public function upload($remote, $local,$file_mode=0664){ return ssh2_scp_send($this->conn_, $local, $remote, $file_mode);
}
//Delete file public function remove($remote){ $sftp = ssh2_sftp($this->conn_); $rc = false;
if (is_dir("ssh2.sftp://{$sftp}/{$remote}")) { $rc = false ;
// ssh delete folder $rc = ssh2_sftp_rmdir($sftp, $remote); } else { //Delete file $rc = ssh2_sftp_unlink($sftp, $remote); } return $rc;
}
}
$config = [ "host" => "192.168.1.1 ", // ftp address "user" => "***", "port" => "22", "pubkey_path" => "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub", // The storage address of the public key "privkey_path" => "/root/.ssh/id_rsa", // Private key storage address ];
$handle = new SftpAccess(); $handle->init($config); $rc = $handle->connect(); $handle->getData(remote, $local);
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