Yii uses Forms, yiiforms_PHP tutorial-PHP Tutorial-php.cn

Yii uses Forms, yiiforms

1. Create model

 <p>a.加入基类</p> <p>     use yii/base/Model</p> <p>b.创建类继承自基类</p> <p>c.创建所需要的变量</p> <p>e.定义规则</p> <p>f.注意里面用[]括起来</p> <p>例如:</p> <pre class="code"><?<span>php

namespace app\models;

</span><span>use</span><span> yii\base\Model;

</span><span>class</span> EntryForm <span>extends</span><span> Model
{
    </span><span>public</span> <span>$name</span><span>;
    </span><span>public</span> <span>$email</span><span>;

    </span><span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> rules()
    {
        </span><span>return</span><span> [
            [[</span>'name', 'email'], 'required'],<span>
            [</span>'email', 'email'],<span>
        ];
    }
}</span>

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<p>该类继承自Yii 提供的一个基类 [[yii\base\Model]]，该基类通常用来表示数据</p>
<p>补充：[[yii\base\Model]] 被用于普通模型类的父类并与数据表<strong>无关</strong>。[[yii\db\ActiveRecord]] 通常是普通模型类的父类但与数据表有关联（译注：[[yii\db\ActiveRecord]] 类其实也是继承自 [[yii\base\Model]]，增加了数据库处理）。</p>
<p><code>EntryForm</code> 类包含 <code>name</code> 和 <code>email</code> 两个公共成员，用来储存用户输入的数据。它还包含一个名为 <code>rules()</code> 的方法，用来返回数据验证规则的集合。上面声明的验证规则表示： 
<ul>
<li><code>name</code> 和 <code>email</code> 值都是必须的 
<li><code>email</code> 的值必须满足email规则验证</li></ul>
<p>如果你有一个处理用户提交数据的 <code>EntryForm</code> 对象，你可以调用它的 [[yii\base\Model::validate()|validate()]] 方法触发数据验证。如果有数据验证失败，将把 [[yii\base\Model::hasErrors|hasErrors]] 属性设为 ture，想要知道具体发生什么错误就调用 [[yii\base\Model::getErrors|getErrors]]。</p>
<pre class="code"><?<span>php
</span><span>$model</span> = <span>new</span><span> EntryForm();
</span><span>$model</span>->name = 'Qiang'<span>;
</span><span>$model</span>->email = 'bad'<span>;
</span><span>if</span> (<span>$model</span>-><span>validate()) {
    </span><span>//</span><span> 验证成功！</span>
} <span>else</span><span> {
    </span><span>//</span><span> 失败！
    // 使用 $model->getErrors() 获取错误详情</span>
}

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2. Create operation

<p>下面你得在 <code>site</code> 控制器中创建一个 <code>entry</code> 操作用于新建的模型。操作的创建和使用已经在说一声你好小节中解释了。</p>
<pre class="code"><?<span>php

namespace app\controllers;

</span><span>use</span><span> Yii;
</span><span>use</span><span> yii\web\Controller;
</span><span>use</span><span> app\models\EntryForm;

</span><span>class</span> SiteController <span>extends</span><span> Controller
{
    </span><span>//</span><span> ...其它代码...</span>

    <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> actionEntry()
    {
        </span><span>$model</span> = <span>new</span><span> EntryForm;

        </span><span>if</span> (<span>$model</span>->load(Yii::<span>$app</span>->request->post()) && <span>$model</span>-><span>validate()) {
            </span><span>//</span><span> 验证 $model 收到的数据

            // 做些有意义的事 ...</span>

            <span>return</span> <span>$this</span>->render('entry-confirm', ['model' => <span>$model</span><span>]);
        } </span><span>else</span><span> {
            </span><span>//</span><span> 无论是初始化显示还是数据验证错误</span>
            <span>return</span> <span>$this</span>->render('entry', ['model' => <span>$model</span><span>]);
        }
    }
}</span>

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This operation first creates a EntryForm object. Then try to collect user-submitted data from $_POST, which is collected by Yii's [[yiiwebRequest::post()]] method. If the model is successfully populated with data (that is, the user has submitted the HTML form), the operation will call [[yiibaseModel::validate()|validate()]] to ensure that the user submitted valid data.

<p>补充：表达式 <code>Yii::$app</code> 代表应用实例，它是一个全局可访问的单例。同时它也是一个服务定位器，能提供<code>request</code>，<code>response</code>，<code>db</code> 等等特定功能的组件。在上面的代码里就是使用 <code>request</code> 组件来访问应用实例收到的 <code>$_POST</code> 数据。</p>

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After the user submits the form, the operation will render a view named entry-confirm to confirm the data entered by the user. If the form is submitted without filling it out, or the data contains errors (Translator: such as email format is incorrect), the entry view will render the output, along with the form and the details of the validation error.

<p>注意：在这个简单例子里我们只是呈现了有效数据的确认页面。实践中你应该考虑使用 [[yii\web\Controller::refresh()|refresh()]] 或 [[yii\web\Controller::redirect()|redirect()]] 去避免表单重复提交问题。</p>

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<p> </p>

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3. Create a view

<p>最后创建两个视图文件 <code>entry-confirm</code> 和 <code>entry</code>。他们会被刚才创建的 <code>entry</code> 操作渲染。 
<p><code>entry-confirm</code> 视图简单地显示提交的 name 和 email 数据。视图文件保存在 <code>views/site/entry-confirm.php</code>。</p>

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<pre class="code"><?<span>php
</span><span>use</span><span> yii\helpers\Html;
</span>?>
<p>You have entered the following information:</p>

<ul>
    <li><label>Name</label>: <?= Html::encode(<span>$model</span>->name) ?></li>
    <li><label>Email</label>: <?= Html::encode(<span>$model</span>->email) ?></li>
</ul>

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<p><code>entry</code> 视图显示一个 HTML 表单。视图文件保存在 <code>views/site/entry.php</code></p>
<pre class="code"><?<span>php
</span><span>use</span><span> yii\helpers\Html;
</span><span>use</span><span> yii\widgets\ActiveForm;
</span>?>
<?php <span>$form</span> = ActiveForm::begin(); ?>

    <?= <span>$form</span>->field(<span>$model</span>, 'name') ?>

    <?= <span>$form</span>->field(<span>$model</span>, 'email') ?>

    <div <span>class</span>="form-group">
        <?= Html::submitButton('Submit', ['class' => 'btn btn-primary']) ?>
    </div>

<?php ActiveForm::<span>end</span>(); ?>

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<p>视图使用了一个功能强大的小部件 [[yii\widgets\ActiveForm|ActiveForm]] 去生成 HTML 表单。其中的 <code>begin()</code> 和 <code>end()</code> 分别用来渲染表单的开始和关闭标签。在这两个方法之间使用了 [[yii\widgets\ActiveForm::field()|field()]] 方法去创建输入框。第一个输入框用于 “name”，第二个输入框用于 “email”。之后使用 [[yii\helpers\Html::submitButton()]] 方法生成提交按钮。</p>
<pre class="code"><span>use</span><span> yii\helpers\Html;
</span><span>use</span> yii\wigets\ActiveForm;

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Remember to use widgets, you need to introduce these two