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Twig's tags learning (Chinese) Part 1_PHP tutorial

Jul 13, 2016 pm 05:48 PM

twig 。 Chinese exist study template of Simple

Twig is a simple yet powerful template. I’m learning SF so take a look at her.

The source of this article is http://twig.sensiolabs.org/doc/tags/index.html

Currently supported tags include

for if macro filter set extends block include import from use spaceless autoescape raw flush do

twig is divided into 3 types in html

{{...}} directly outputs the variables

{#...#} comment tag

{%...%} command tags are what we need to learn

for tag
This is the simplest, it is a loop.

Array-based loop

<h1>Members</h1>
<ul>
{% for user in users %}
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<h1>Members</h1>
<ul>
{% for user in users %}
{% endfor %}
</ul>
For loops based on numbers, special attention should be paid to the fact that 0-10, which is 11 numbers, will be output here.

{% for i in 0..10 %}

* {{ i }}

{% endfor %}
{% for i in 0..10 %}
* {{ i }}
{% endfor %}

Letter-based loop

{% for letter in 'a'..'z' %}

* {{ letter }}
{% endfor %}
{% for letter in 'a'..'z' %}
* {{ letter }}
{% endfor %}
Variables inside the loop body

loop.length, loop.revindex, loop.revindex0, loop.last These values are only valid when the loop is a PHP array or a class that implements the Countable interface.

Add a condition
Unlike PHP, break and continue statements are not supported inside loops. You can only skip some loops through filters, like this

<ul>
{% for user in users if user.active %}
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<ul>
{% for user in users if user.active %}
{% endfor %}
</ul>

else branch

If users is an empty array, no user found will be output.

<ul>

{% for user in users %}

{% else %}
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<ul>
{% for user in users %}
{% else %}
{% endfor %}
</ul>

Loop by keys

<h1>Members</h1>

<ul>

{% for key in users|keys %}

{% endfor %}

</ul>

<h1>Members</h1>

<ul>
{% for key in users|keys %}
{% endfor %}
</ul>

Loop by keys, values

<h1>Members</h1>
<ul>
{% for key, user in users %}

{% endfor %}

</ul>
<h1>Members</h1>

<ul>

{% for key, user in users %}
{% endfor %}
</ul>

if tag
Needless to say, just look at the example {% if users %}
<ul>
{% for user in users %}
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endif %}

{% if kenny.sick %}

Kenny is sick.

{% elseif kenny.dead %}
You killed Kenny! You bastard!!!
{% else %}
Kenny looks okay --- so far
{% endif %}
{% if users %}
<ul>
            {% for user in users %}
                                                        <li>{{ user.username|e }}</li>
           {% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endif %}

{% if kenny.sick %}
Kenny is sick.
{% elseif kenny.dead %}
You killed Kenny! You bastard!!!
{% else %}
Kenny looks okay --- so far
{% endif %}

macro tag

Macro (macro tag) is similar to functions in other languages and is often used to fill in html tags. The following is an example to render <input>

{% macro input(name, value, type, size) %}
<input type="{{ type|default('text') }}" name="{{ name }}" value="{{ value|e }}" size="{{ size|default(20) }}" />
{% endmacro %}
{% macro input(name, value, type, size) %}
<input type="{{ type|default('text') }}" name="{{ name }}" value="{{ value|e }}" size="{{ size|default(20) }}" />
{% endmacro %}
macro与函数的不同之处在于：

1、参数的默认值是通过macro块内部的 default过滤器来定义的。

2、参数总是可选的。

另外，就跟php函数一样，macro内部是无法使用外部的变量的。但你可以传递一个特殊变量_context作为参数来获取整个内容。

macro可以被定义在任何的模板内，但在你使用之前需要使用 imported

{% import "forms.html" as forms %}
{% import "forms.html" as forms %}然后就可以这样使用了

<p>{{ forms.input('username') }}</p>
<p>{{ forms.input('password', null, 'password') }}</p>
<p>{{ forms.input('username') }}</p>
<p>{{ forms.input('password', null, 'password') }}</p>如果你要在定义macro的模板里使用，就不需要imported 可以使用特殊变量_self

<p>{{ _self.input('username') }}</p>
<p>{{ _self.input('username') }}</p>
如果你要定义一个macro里包含另一个macro，并且两个macro在同一个文件里，可以使用特殊变量_self

{% macro input(name, value, type, size) %}
<input type="{{ type|default('text') }}" name="{{ name }}" value="{{ value|e }}" size="{{ size|default(20) }}" />
{% endmacro %}

{% macro wrapped_input(name, value, type, size) %}
    <div class="field">
        {{ _self.input(name, value, type, size) }}
    </div>
{% endmacro %}
{% macro input(name, value, type, size) %}
<input type="{{ type|default('text') }}" name="{{ name }}" value="{{ value|e }}" size="{{ size|default(20) }}" />
{% endmacro %}

{% macro wrapped_input(name, value, type, size) %}
    <div class="field">
        {{ _self.input(name, value, type, size) }}
    </div>
{% endmacro %}
如果两个macro在不同的文件里，你需要使用import

{# forms.html #}

{% macro input(name, value, type, size) %}
<input type="{{ type|default('text') }}" name="{{ name }}" value="{{ value|e }}" size="{{ size|default(20) }}" />
{% endmacro %}

{# shortcuts.html #}

{% macro wrapped_input(name, value, type, size) %}
    {% import "forms.html" as forms %}
    <div class="field">
        {{ forms.input(name, value, type, size) }}
    </div>
{% endmacro %}
{# forms.html #}

{% macro input(name, value, type, size) %}
<input type="{{ type|default('text') }}" name="{{ name }}" value="{{ value|e }}" size="{{ size|default(20) }}" />
{% endmacro %}

{# shortcuts.html #}

{% macro wrapped_input(name, value, type, size) %}
    {% import "forms.html" as forms %}
    <div class="field">
        {{ forms.input(name, value, type, size) }}
    </div>
{% endmacro %}

filter tag
Just apply a filter to the entire block

{% filter upper %}
This text becomes uppercase
{% endfilter %}
{% filter upper %}
This text becomes uppercase
{% endfilter %}
{% filter lower|escape %}
<strong>SOME TEXT</strong>
{% endfilter %}

Excerpted from jiaochangyun’s column

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