IP address subnet mask calculation

IP address subnet mask calculation, returns IP segment starting and ending range, length, mask and other information.

/**
 * Mask calculator
 * @author WeakSun <52132522@qq.com>
 * @param string $ip IP
 * @param numeric $bits mask
 * @return array Return the result set
*/
function netmask($ip, $bits = 24) {
 $result = [
 'start' => 0, //First IP
 'end' = > 0, //The last IP
 'length' => 0, //The number of IPs included
 'netmask' => (~pow(2, 32 - $bits)) + 1, //Sub Netmask
 'networkSegment' => 0, //IP segment
 'bcast' => 0//Broadcast address
 ];
 $result['length'] = abs($result['netmask']) - 2;
 $result['networkSegment'] = ip2long($ip) & $result['netmask'];
 $result['start'] = $result['networkSegment'] + 1;
 $result[' end'] = $result['networkSegment'] + $result['length'];
 $result['bcast'] = $result['end'] + 1;
 return $result;
}

list($ip, $bits) = explode('/', '192.168.1.5/25');
$tmpArr = netmask($ip, $bits);
foreach ($tmpArr as $k = > &$v) {
 $k != 'length' && $v = long2ip($v);
}
echo '' . var_export($tmpArr, true).' ';

array (</li>
<li> 'start' => '192.168.1.1',</li>
<li> 'end' => '192.168.1.126',</li>
<li> 'length' => 126,</li>
<li> 'netmask' = > '255.255.255.128',</li>
<li> 'networkSegment' => '192.168.1.0',</li>
<li> 'bcast' => '192.168.1.127',</li>
<li>)

Subnet mask