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PHP垃圾回收机制引用计数器概念分析_php技巧

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Release: 2016-05-17 08:58:53
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如果你安装了xdebug,就可以用xdebug_debug_zval()显示“zval”的信息了。如下:

复制代码 代码如下:

$str = "jb51.net";
xdebug_debug_zval('str');

结果:

str:
(refcount=1, is_ref=0),
string 'jb51.net' (length=10)

只有当变量容器在”refcount“变成0时就被销毁.当你unset()一个变量时,想要的“zval”中refcount就会减1,再来说说前几天遇到的unset引用问题:

复制代码 代码如下:

$a = "aaa";
$b = & $a;
unset($a);
//echo $b; //这里依然会输出aaa,用xdebug_debug_zval打印你就知道为什么了
xdebug_debug_zval("b");

结果:

b:
(refcount=1, is_ref=0),string 'aaa' (length=3)
继续说引用计数器问题,对于array和object符合类型情况又不一样了:

复制代码 代码如下:

$arr = array( 'a' => 'aaa', 'b' => "bbb" );
xdebug_debug_zval( 'arr' );
$arr['aaa'] = $arr['a'];
xdebug_debug_zval( 'arr' );
?>

结果:

arr:
(refcount=1, is_ref=0),
array
  'a' => (refcount=1, is_ref=0),string 'aaa' (length=3)
  'b' => (refcount=1, is_ref=0),string 'bbb' (length=3)
arr:
(refcount=1, is_ref=0),
array
  'a' => (refcount=2, is_ref=0),string 'aaa' (length=3)
  'b' => (refcount=1, is_ref=0),string 'bbb' (length=3)
  'aaa' => (refcount=2, is_ref=0),string 'aaa' (length=3)

可以看到看到原有的数组元素和新添加的数组元素关联到同一个"refcount"2的zval变量容器.这里我也只是起到抛砖引玉的作用。

具体关于PHP引用计数器可以参照手册:http://php.net/manual/zh/features.gc.refcounting-basics.php

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