Summary of http request method libraries in Python

Recently I am using python for interface testing and found that there are many http request methods in python. Today I will take some time to sort out the relevant content and share it with you. The specific content is as follows:

1. python’s own library---- urllib2

Python's own library urllib2 is used more often. A simple way to use it is as follows:

import urllib2

response = urllib2.urlopen('http://localhost:8080/jenkins/api/json?pretty=true')

print response.read()

Simple get request

import urllib2

import urllib

post_data = urllib.urlencode({})

response = urllib2.urlopen('http://localhost:8080/, post_data)

print response.read()

print response.getheaders()

This is the simplest example of urllib2 sending a post. There are a lot of codes

2. python’s own library - httplib

httplib is a relatively low-level http request module, and urlib is encapsulated based on httplib. The simple use is as follows:

import httplib
conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("www.python.org")
conn.request("GET", "/index.html")
r1 = conn.getresponse()
print r1.status, r1.reason
data1 = r1.read()
conn.request("GET", "/parrot.spam")
r2 = conn.getresponse()
data2 = r2.read()
conn.close()

Simple get request

Let’s look at the post request

import httplib, urllib
params = urllib.urlencode({'@number': 12524, '@type': 'issue', '@action': 'show'})
headers = {"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Accept": "text/plain"}
conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("bugs.python.org")
conn.request("POST", "", params, headers)
response = conn.getresponse()
data = response.read()
print data
conn.close()

Do you think it is too complicated? You have to read the document every time you write, let’s take a look at the third one

Third-party library--requests

Sending a get request is super simple:

print requests.get('http://localhost:8080).text

Just one sentence, let’s take a look at the post request

payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload)
print r.text

also Very simple.

Let’s take a look again if you want to authenticate:

url = 'http://localhost:8080'
r = requests.post(url, data={}, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
print r.status_code
print r.headers
print r.reason

Isn’t it much simpler than urllib2, and requests come with json parsing. This is great

http request in python

import urllib
params = urllib.urlencode({key:value,key:value})
resultHtml = urllib.urlopen('[API or 网址]',params)
result = resultHtml.read()
print result