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Java byte stream

Oct 20, 2016 pm 04:41 PM
java

Java中的输入是指从数据源等读到Java程序中,这里的数据源可以是文件,内存或网络连接,输出则是指从Java程序中写到目的地。
输入输出流可以分为以下几种类型(暂时不考虑File类)

Java byte stream

Java IO共涉及40多个类,下图是字节流各个类之间的关系

Java byte stream

InputStream

InputStream的子类及其说明有如下所示

Java byte stream

OutputStream

OutputStream的子类及其说明有如下所示

Java byte stream

对于类中方法的熟悉不详述了,可以参照JDK文档,或者可以试着在IDE中,实例化上面的类,使用此类对象时,按下.之后,会出现提示框,再一个一个熟悉就好了。

简单示例

了解了常用的字节流类,下面以文件数据的输入输出说明以上类的使用。

1.在java程序中生成1~20的平方数,并输出到文件中。

package com.songpu;import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintStream;public class MyFileOutputStream {    
    public static void main (String[] args) throws IOException{        try{
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("F:\\test1.txt");
        BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(fos,1024);
        PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(bos,false);    
        System.setOut(ps);        for(int i= 0;i<20;i++){
            System.out.println(i*i);
        }
        ps.close();
        }catch(IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
}
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2.将刚才生成的文件中的数据输入到程序,并将其打印到屏幕

package com.songpu;import java.io.*;public class MyFlieInputStream {    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        File file = new File("F:\\test1.txt");
        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(in);        byte[] bytes = new byte[(int) file.length()];        
        do {
            bis.read(bytes);
            System.out.println(new String(bytes));

        }while (bis.read() != -1);
        in.close();
    
    }
}
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再以序列化与反序列化的例子说明ObjectInputStream和ObjectOutputStream的使用

Java序列化是将对象变成二进制形式的一连串字符描述的过程,反序列化就是序列化的相反过程,把这些字符重建为对象。

序列化和反序列化的作用,是保存对象到文件或数据库中,使对象能够传输,序列化的要求是实现Serializable接口,代码如下所示

package com.songpu.serial;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.ObjectInputStream;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.io.Serializable;/*
 * 待序列化的类,实现序列化接口
 */class Person implements Serializable{    public String name;    public int age;    public Person(String name, int age) {        super();        this.name = name;        this.age = age;
    }    public String getName() {        return name;
    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;
    }    public int getAge() {        return age;
    }    public void setAge(int age) {        this.age = age;
    }
}/*
 * 测试类
 */public class SerialTest{    public static void main(String[]  args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException{
        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("F:\\test.txt"));
        Person p0 = new Person("tangsong",21);
        oos.writeObject(p0);
        oos.flush();
        oos.close();
        deserial();
    }    
    public static void deserial() throws ClassNotFoundException, IOException{
        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("F:\\test.txt"));
        Person p1 = (Person)ois.readObject();   
        ois.close();
        System.out.println("Name="+p1.getName()+";Age="+p1.getAge());
    }   
}
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运行上述代码的结果如下:

Java byte stream

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