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PHP Tips: Solution to Swap Two Variable Values ​​Without Using a Third Variable

高洛峰
Release: 2016-11-22 10:35:14
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Text (see code comments for explanation)

1. substr() && strlen()

Code:

<?php
/**
 * 双方变量为字符串时,可用交换方法一
 * 使用substr()结合strlen()两个方法达到交换变量值得目的
 */
$a = "This is A"; // a变量原始值
$b = "This is B"; // b变量原始值
echo &#39;交换之前 $a 的值:&#39;.$a.&#39;, $b 的值:&#39;.$b,&#39;<br>&#39;; // 输出原始值
$a .= $b; // 将$b的值追加到$a中
/**
 * $b得到$a值详解:
 *      先通过strlen()分别计算出$a和$b中字符串的长度【此时$a是原始$a和$b的合值】
 *      通过strlen($a)-strlen($b)即可得出原始$a的值长度
 *      在通过substr()方法在合并后的$a中从0开始截取到$a的长度,那么即可得到原始$a的值
 * $a得到$b值详解:
 *      由于此刻$b已经是$a的原始值了,而$a合并后的值为原始$a+原始$b的值,故用substr()在$a中从$b(原始$a)长度位置截取,则去的内容则为原始$b,则将$b值付给$a成功
 */
$b  = substr($a,0,(strlen($a)-strlen($b)));
$a  = substr($a, strlen($b));
echo &#39;交换之后 $a 的值:&#39;.$a.&#39;, $b 的值:&#39;.$b,&#39;<br>&#39;; // 输出结果值
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Running result:

The value of $a before exchange: This is A, the value of $b: This is B
The value of $a after exchange: This is B, The value of $b: This is A , The value of $b: This is B
The value of $a after exchange: This is B, The value of $b: This is A

3. list() && list()

Code:

<?php
/**
 * 双方变量为字符串时,可用交换方法二
 * 使用str_replace()方法达到交换变量值得目的
 * 此方法较第一种,逻辑上稍微简单点
 */
$a = "This is A"; // a变量原始值
$b = "This is B"; // b变量原始值
echo &#39;交换之前 $a 的值:&#39;.$a.&#39;, $b 的值:&#39;.$b,&#39;<br>&#39;; // 输出原始值
$a .= $b; // 将$b的值追加到$a中
$b  = str_replace($b, "", $a); // 在$a(原始$a+$b)中,将$b替换为空,则余下的返回值为$a
$a  = str_replace($b, "", $a); // 此时,$b为原始$a值,则在$a(原始$a+$b)中将$b(原始$a)替换为空,则余下的返回值则为原始$b,交换成功
echo &#39;交换之后 $a 的值:&#39;.$a.&#39;, $b 的值:&#39;.$b,&#39;<br>&#39;; // 输出结果值
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Running result :


The value of $a before exchange: This is A, the value of $b: This is B
The value of $a after exchange: This is B, the value of $b: This is A

4. XOR

Code:

<?php
/**
 * 双方变量为字符串时,可用交换方法三
 * 使用list()和array()方法达到交换变量值得目的
 * 此方法较第一、二种,代码最简洁
 */
$a = "This is A"; // a变量原始值
$b = "This is B"; // b变量原始值
echo &#39;交换之前 $a 的值:&#39;.$a.&#39;, $b 的值:&#39;.$b,&#39;<br>&#39;; // 输出原始值
list($b,$a) = array($a,$b); // list() 函数用数组中的元素为一组变量赋值。了解这个,相信其他的不用我多说了吧
echo &#39;交换之后 $a 的值:&#39;.$a.&#39;, $b 的值:&#39;.$b,&#39;<br>&#39;; // 输出结果值
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Running result:


The value of $a before exchange: This is A, the value of $b: This is B
The value of $a after exchange: This is B, the value of $b: This is A

5. Addition (+) Subtraction (-) operator

Code:

<?php
/**
 * 双方变量为字符串或者数字时,可用交换方法四
 * 使用异或运算
 */
$a = "This is A"; // a变量原始值
$b = "This is B"; // b变量原始值
echo &#39;交换之前 $a 的值:&#39;.$a.&#39;, $b 的值:&#39;.$b,&#39;<br>&#39;; // 输出原始值
/**
 * 原始二进制:
 * $a:010101000110100001101001011100110010000001101001011100110010000001000001
 * $b:010101000110100001101001011100110010000001101001011100110010000001000010
 * 
 * 下面主要使用按位异或交换,具体请参照下列给出的二进制过程,
 */
$a=$a^$b; // 此刻$a:000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000011
$b=$b^$a; // 此刻$b:010101000110100001101001011100110010000001101001011100110010000001000001
$a=$a^$b; // 此刻$a:010101000110100001101001011100110010000001101001011100110010000001000010
echo &#39;交换之后 $a 的值:&#39;.$a.&#39;, $b 的值:&#39;.$b,&#39;<br>&#39;; // 输出结果值
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Running result:


The value of $a before exchange: 1,

The value of $b: 2 After exchange

$a Value: 2, Value of $b: 1

Summary

ok, the above are almost all the ways to exchange the values ​​of two variables in PHP without using a third variable. Of course, there must be a better way, I This is a good start.

In the end, they are all small algorithms, and you can study them yourself when you have time.

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