git five-minute tutorial

Many people think that Git is too confusing or a complicated version control system. This article is for some people who want to get started using Git quickly.

For most basic needs, this article covers 70% to 90% of usage

　Getting Started

　 Before using Git, you need to create a repository. You can use an existing directory as the Git repository or create an empty directory

Use your current directory as the Git repository, we just need to initialize it

git init

Use the directory we specified as the Git repository

git init newrepo

From now on, we It will be assumed that you are in the Git repository root directory unless otherwise stated

　Add new files

　We have a repository, but nothing, you can use the add command to add files

git add filename

　You can use add... Continue to add task files

　 Commit version

Now that we have added these files, we want them to actually be saved in the Git repository,

To do this, we commit them to the repository

git commit -m "Adding files"

If you don’t use -m the editor will appear Let you write your own annotation information

When we modify a lot of files and don’t want to add each one, and want commit to automatically submit local modifications, we can use the -a flag

git commit -a -m "Changed some files"

The -a option of the git commit command can only be All modified or deleted documents that have been managed by git are submitted to the repository.

　Please note that -a will not cause new files to be submitted, only modifications.

　 Release version

We first clone a library from the server and upload it

git clone ssh://example.com/~/www/project.git

Now after we modify it, we can push it to the server

git push ssh://example.com/~/www/project.git

Retrieve the update

If you have already pushed as above, the following command indicates the current branch Automatically merge with the only tracking branch.

git pull

It has taken more than five minutes to update from a non-default location to the specified url

git pull http://git.example.com/project.git

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　Deletion

　If you want to delete a file from the resource library, we use rm

git rm file

　Branch and merge

　The branch is completed locally and is fast. To create a new branch, we use the branch command.

git branch test

　The branch command does not take us into a branch, it just creates one. So we use the checkout command to change the branch.

git checkout test

　The first branch, or master branch, is called "master".

git checkout master

　 While commits can be made on your branch, changes in the master branch will not be reflected. When you are done, or want to commit changes to the master branch, switch back to the master branch and use merge.

git checkout master
git merge test

　 If you want to delete the branch, we use the -d flag

git branch -d test