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深入分析php中接口与抽象类的区别_php技巧

May 17, 2016 am 09:02 AM
the difference abstract class interface

接口和抽象类真的很难区分开,引文他们很相似,方法都没有定义逻辑,都是供子类是想或继承的。区分二者只要记住一句话:接口是规范,类是实现。接口的目的是定义一个规范,大家都遵守这个规范。

也就是说,从目的上可以很清楚地区分接口和抽象类。那么还是有疑问,既然有了借口,那么为什么还必须有抽象类呢?

加入我们要定义一个名为Animal的类,该类有两个子集Dog和Cattle,二者都有两个方法:run()方法和speak()方法。

假定Dog和Cattle的“跑(run)”是相同的,因此run()方法具有相同的业务逻辑;而“叫(speak)”是不同的,因此speak()方法的业务逻辑不同。而且,有一个IAnimal的接口规定必须有这两个方法,这意味着Animal类必须实现这两个方法,同样,Dog和Cattle这两个子类也必须有这两个方法吗,那么我们可以这样定义:

复制代码 代码如下:

interface IAnimal{
 public function run();
 public function speak();
}
class Animal implements IAnimal{
 public function run(){
  //在这里可以添加一些相同的run逻辑
  return "same run
";
 }
 public function speak(){
  //这里可以添加一些相同的speak逻辑
  return "same speak
";
 }
}
class Dog extends Animal{
 public function speak(){
  //在这里可以添加一些Dog逻辑
  return "Dog speak
";
 }
}
class Cattle extends Animal{
 public function speak(){
  //在这里可以添加一些Cattle逻辑
  return "Cattle speak
";
 }
}
$oDog=new Dog();
echo($oDog->run());
echo($oDog->speak());
$oCattle=new Cattle();
echo($oCattle->run());
echo($oCattle->speak());
?>

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