编写php应用程序实现摘要式身份验证的方法详解_php技巧
通基本身份认证一样,也可以使用PHP网页处理HTTP请求报头字段来匹配摘要式身份验证信息。例如下边的代码使用header()函数要求客户端使用Digest验证,它在HTTP消息报头中增加了一个WWW-Authenticate字段:
header('WWW-Authenticate:Digest Realm="MyRealm",nonce="47alf7cf25ce7",algorithm=MD5,qop="auth"');
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
下边代码描述的是一个使用摘要式身份验证的网页(首先取消Apache验证配置)。
$realm="MyRealm";
//如果没有验证信息,则发送报头要求浏览器使用摘要式身份验证
if(!isset($_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_DIGEST'])){
header("WWW-Authenticate:Digest Realm=/"$realm/",nonce=/"".uniqid()."/",algorithm=MD5,qop=/"auth/"");
header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorization Required");
echo "账号/密码错误!";
exit;
}else{
//使用函数http_digest_parse解析验证信息
$data=http_digest_parse($_SERVER["PHP_AUTH_DIGEST"]);
if(!$data){
header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorization Required");
echo "账号/密码错误!";
exit;
}else{
//根据HTTP协议,自己构建一个response值
$A1=md5('admin:'.$realm.':password');
$A2=md5($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'].':'.$data['uri']);
$valid_response=
md5($A1.':'.$data['nonce'].':'.$data['nc'].':'.$data['cnonce'].':'.$data['qop'].':'.$A2);}
//将自己构建的response值与浏览器构建并发送过来的response值对比,如果相同那么就证明用户名和密码输入是正确的
if($data['response']==$valid_response){
echo "验证通过!";
}else{
header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorization Required");
echo("账号/密码错误!");
exit;
}
}
function http_digest_parse($digest_str){
$needed_parts=array('nonce'=>1,'nc'=>1,'cnonce'=>1,'qop'=>1,'username'=>1,'uri'=>1,'response'=>1);
//使用正则表达式解析Authorization报头的内容
preg_match_all('@(/w+)=([/'"]?)([a-zA-Z0-9=.//_-]+)/2@',$digest_str,$result,PREG_SET_ORDER);
//将结果填充$data数组,并返回
$data=array();
foreach($result as $m){
$data[$m[1]]=$m[3];
unset($needed_parts[$m[1]]);
}
return $needed_parts?false:$data;
}
?>

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