How to use embedded MySQL in Java
这篇文件主要介绍在Java中嵌入式MySQL的使用,对于一些的应用项目,提供安装版的Mysql,Oracle是必须的工作。但是有时候如果是一个小的工具,可安装或者移植性比较强的小软件。再去安装数据库可能就比较麻烦了。
其实MySQL也有嵌入式的,不需要安装,在使用的过程中,会自动创建数据库以及通过代码的方式启动或者关闭。下面提供一些代码片段,具体的会提供下载地址。
这个是核心代码类,这个类实现了Mysql 的启动和停止以及数据库的启动状态。
package net.simple.mysql; import java.io.File; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Properties; import java.util.Set; import com.mysql.management.MysqldResource; public final class EmbedMySqlServer { private MysqldResource mysqlInstance; //配置信息 public final Properties props; //端口信息 private String port; /** * 考虑到数据库的性能问题,允许将数据库放在其它磁盘 */ private String embedMySqlHome; public EmbedMySqlServer(final Properties props) { this.props = props; } public EmbedMySqlServer(final Properties props, String embedMySqlHome) { this.embedMySqlHome = embedMySqlHome; this.props = props; } public final String getEmbedMySqlHome() { return null == embedMySqlHome ? getPlatformBaseDir() : embedMySqlHome; } /** * 获得当前应用主目录 * @return 当前应用启动程序所在目录. */ public static String getPlatformBaseDir() { return System.getProperty("user.dir"); } public static boolean isBlank(final String str) { int strLen;if (str == null || (strLen = str.length()) == 0) { return true; } for (int i = 0; i < strLen; i++) { if (Character.isWhitespace(str.charAt(i)) == false) { return false; } } return true; } public void startup() { final File baseDir = new File(getEmbedMySqlHome(), "mysql-em"); mysqlInstance = new MysqldResource(baseDir); port = props.getProperty("port"); if (isBlank(port)) props.put("port", port = String.valueOf((int) (Math.random() * 40000))); final Set<Object> keys = props.keySet(); final Map<String, String> options = new HashMap<String, String>(keys.size()); for (final Object key : keys) { final String val = props.getProperty(key.toString()); if ("".equals(val)) options.put(key.toString(), null); else options.put(key.toString(), val.replace("{$contextPath}", getPlatformBaseDir())); } if (!mysqlInstance.isRunning()) mysqlInstance.start("Em_MySQL", options, false, keys.contains("defaults-file")); } public String getPort() { return port; } /** * 判断mysql是否正在运行 */ public boolean isRunning() { return null == mysqlInstance ? false : mysqlInstance.isRunning(); } public void shutdown() { if (mysqlInstance != null) mysqlInstance.shutdown(); } public void cleanup() { if (mysqlInstance != null) mysqlInstance.cleanup(); } }
下面这个是启动Demo,
public static void main(String[] args) { try { Properties pro = new Properties(); //根据机器配置,设置不同的参数 pro.load(MysqlTest.class.getResourceAsStream("MySql_medium.properties")); new EmbedMySqlServer(pro).startup(); //可以把数据库放到其他磁盘 //new EmbedMySqlServer(pro,"f:\\").startup(); Connection conn = getTestConnection(); System.out.println(conn.isClosed()); conn.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
MySql_general.properties一般机器的配置样例
MySql_medium.properties中等机器的配置样例
MySql_large.properties高配机的配置样例
具体的参数可以根据不同需求进行定义,比如端口可以自由定义。

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