


redis installation, configuration, usage and redis php extension installation tutorial
redis是一个内存数据库,比memcache支持更丰富的value类型,新浪微博就使用redis来做缓存。
redis的源码安装
wget http://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz tar -zxvf redis-stable.tar.gz cd redis-stable make make test make install
make时可能会报如下错误:
zmalloc.o: In function `zmalloc_used_memory': /root/redis-stable/src/zmalloc.c:223: undefined reference to `__sync_add_and_fetch_4' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make[1]: *** [redis-server] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/redis-stable/src' make: *** [all] Error 2
解决办法:
编辑src/.make-settings里的OPT,改为OPT=-O2 -march=i686。
make test报错:
You need tcl 8.5 or newer in order to run the Redis test make: *** [test] Error 1
解决办法安装tcl
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/tcl/tcl8.6.0-src.tar.gz cd tcl8.6.0/ cd unix && ./configure --prefix=/usr \ --mandir=/usr/share/man \ --without-tzdata \ $([ $(uname -m) = x86_64 ] && echo --enable-64bit) && make && sed -e "s@^\(TCL_SRC_DIR='\).*@\1/usr/include'@" \ -e "/TCL_B/s@='\(-L\)\?.*unix@='\1/usr/lib@" \ -i tclConfig.sh make install && make install-private-headers && ln -v -sf tclsh8.6 /usr/bin/tclsh && chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/libtcl8.6.so
redis命令介绍
Redis 由四个可执行文件:redis-benchmark、redis-cli、redis-server、redis-stat 这四个文件,加上一个redis.conf就构成了整个redis的最终可用包。它们的作用如下:
redis-server:Redis服务器的daemon启动程序
redis-cli:Redis命令行操作工具。当然,你也可以用telnet根据其纯文本协议来操作
redis-benchmark:Redis性能测试工具,测试Redis在你的系统及你的配置下的读写性能
redis-stat:Redis状态检测工具,可以检测Redis当前状态参数及延迟状况
现在就可以启动redis了,redis只有一个启动参数,就是他的配置文件路径。
启动redis
复制源码包里的redis.conf到/etc
# cd redis-stable # cp redis.conf /etc/redis.conf
编辑/etc/redis.conf ,修改daemaon no 为daemaon yes ,以守护进程方式启动进程。
# redis-server /etc/redis.conf
关闭redis
# redis-cli shutdown //关闭所有 关闭某个端口上的redis # redis-cli -p 6397 shutdown //关闭6397端口的redis
说明:关闭以后缓存数据会自动dump到硬盘上,硬盘地址见redis.conf中的dbfilename dump.rdb
redis配置
注意,默认复制过去的redis.conf文件的daemonize参数为no,所以redis不会在后台运行,这时要测试,我们需要重新开一个终端。修改为yes则为后台运行redis。另外配置文件中规定了pid文件,log文件和数据文件的地址,如果有需要先修改,默认log信息定向到stdout.
下面是redis.conf的主要配置参数的意义:
daemonize:是否以后台daemon方式运行 pidfile:pid文件位置 port:监听的端口号 timeout:请求超时时间 loglevel:log信息级别 logfile:log文件位置 databases:开启数据库的数量 save * *:保存快照的频率,第一个*表示多长时间,第三个*表示执行多少次写操作。在一定时间内执行一定数量的写操作时,自动保存快照。可设置多个条件。 rdbcompression:是否使用压缩 dbfilename:数据快照文件名(只是文件名,不包括目录) dir:数据快照的保存目录(这个是目录) appendonly:是否开启appendonlylog,开启的话每次写操作会记一条log,这会提高数据抗风险能力,但影响效率。 appendfsync:appendonlylog如何同步到磁盘(三个选项,分别是每次写都强制调用fsync、每秒启用一次fsync、不调用fsync等待系统自己同步) 这时你可以打开一个终端进行测试了,配置文件中默认的监听端口是6379
redis开机自动启动
用这个脚本管理之前,需要先配置下面的内核参数,否则Redis脚本在重启或停止redis时,将会报错,并且不能自动在停止服务前同步数据到磁盘上:
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf vm.overcommit_memory = 1
然后应用生效:
# sysctl –p
建立redis启动脚本:
# vim /etc/init.d/redis #!/bin/bash # # Init file for redis # # chkconfig: - 80 12 # description: redis daemon # # processname: redis # config: /etc/redis.conf # pidfile: /var/run/redis.pid source /etc/init.d/functions #BIN="/usr/local/bin" BIN="/usr/local/bin" CONFIG="/etc/redis.conf" PIDFILE="/var/run/redis.pid" ### Read configuration [ -r "$SYSCONFIG" ] && source "$SYSCONFIG" RETVAL=0 prog="redis-server" desc="Redis Server" start() { if [ -e $PIDFILE ];then echo "$desc already running...." exit 1 fi echo -n $"Starting $desc: " daemon $BIN/$prog $CONFIG RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/$prog return $RETVAL } stop() { echo -n $"Stop $desc: " killproc $prog RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog $PIDFILE return $RETVAL } restart() { stop start } case "$1" in start) start stop) stop restart) restart condrestart) [ -e /var/lock/subsys/$prog ] && restart RETVAL=$? status) status $prog RETVAL=$? *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart|status}" RETVAL=1 esac exit $RETVAL
然后增加服务并开机自启动:
# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/redis # chkconfig --add redis # chkconfig --level 345 redis on # chkconfig --list redis
redis php扩展安装
wget https://github.com/nicolasff/phpredis/zipball/master -O php-redis.zip unzip php-redis.zip cd nicolasff-phpredis-2d0f29b/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make && make install
完成后redis.so被安装到
/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/ vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
添加
extension=redis.so
重启php-fpm即可。
configure时可能会遇到,添加--with-php-config参数可以解决。
configure: error: Cannot find php-config. Please use --with-php-config=PATH ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
更多redis安装、配置、使用和redis php扩展安装教程相关文章请关注PHP中文网!

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