Java Example - Producer/Consumer Problem

The producer and consumer problem is a classic problem in the thread model: producers and consumers share the same storage space during the same time period. As shown in the figure below, the producer stores data in the space, while the consumer retrieves data. Using data, if not coordinated, the following situation may occur:

The storage space is full, and the producer is occupying it, the consumer is waiting for the producer to make room to remove the product, and the producer is waiting for the consumer Consume products, thereby adding products to the space. Wait for each other, resulting in a deadlock.

The following example demonstrates how to solve the producer/consumer problem through threads:

/*
 author by w3cschool.cc
 ProducerConsumerTest.java
 */public class ProducerConsumerTest {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      CubbyHole c = new CubbyHole();
      Producer p1 = new Producer(c, 1);
      Consumer c1 = new Consumer(c, 1);
      p1.start(); 
      c1.start();
   }}class CubbyHole {
   private int contents;
   private boolean available = false;
   public synchronized int get() {
      while (available == false) {
         try {
            wait();
         }
         catch (InterruptedException e) {
         }
      }
      available = false;
      notifyAll();
      return contents;
   }
   public synchronized void put(int value) {
      while (available == true) {
         try {
            wait();
         }
         catch (InterruptedException e) { 
         } 
      }
      contents = value;
      available = true;
      notifyAll();
   }}class Consumer extends Thread {
   private CubbyHole cubbyhole;
   private int number;
   public Consumer(CubbyHole c, int number) {
      cubbyhole = c;
      this.number = number;
   }
   public void run() {
      int value = 0;
         for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            value = cubbyhole.get();
            System.out.println("消费者 #" + this.number+ " got: " + value);
         }
    }}class Producer extends Thread {
   private CubbyHole cubbyhole;
   private int number;

   public Producer(CubbyHole c, int number) {
      cubbyhole = c;
      this.number = number;
   }

   public void run() {
      for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
         cubbyhole.put(i);
         System.out.println("生产者 #" + this.number + " put: " + i);
         try {
            sleep((int)(Math.random() * 100));
         } catch (InterruptedException e) { }
      }
   }}

The output result of the above code is:

消费者 #1 got: 0
生产者 #1 put: 0
生产者 #1 put: 1
消费者 #1 got: 1
生产者 #1 put: 2
消费者 #1 got: 2
生产者 #1 put: 3
消费者 #1 got: 3
生产者 #1 put: 4
消费者 #1 got: 4
生产者 #1 put: 5
消费者 #1 got: 5
生产者 #1 put: 6
消费者 #1 got: 6
生产者 #1 put: 7
消费者 #1 got: 7
生产者 #1 put: 8
消费者 #1 got: 8
生产者 #1 put: 9
消费者 #1 got: 9

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