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java IO stream input stream InputString() use

高洛峰
Release: 2017-01-11 13:51:05
Original
1817 people have browsed it

本文主要给大家介绍java的InputStream 流的使用。

(1)FileInputstream: 子类,读取数据的通道

  使用步骤:

    1.获取目标文件:new File()

    2.建立通道:new FileInputString()

    3.读取数据:read()

    4.释放资源:close()

//一些默认要导入的包
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
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public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//分别调用方法查看效果
test1();
System.out.println("-------------------------------------------");
test2();
System.out.println("-------------------------------------------");
test3();
System.out.println("-------------------------------------------");
test4();
}
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(2)读取数据的三种方式

    1.直接读取 (一次只能一个字节)

int date = fileInputStream.read();
      char date3 = (char)fileInputStream.read();
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//方式一 直接打印
public static void test1() throws IOException{
//(1)获取目标文件路径
File file = new File("C:\\Users\\joke\\Desktop\\Demo1.java");
//(2)根据目标文件路径 建立通道: new FileInputStream(file)
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
//(3)读取数据 :read();
int date = fileInputStream.read();//这里是int类型
int date2 = fileInputStream.read();//
char date3 = (char)fileInputStream.read(); //以char类型显示
System.out.println(date+"\\"+date2+"\\"+date3);
//(4)释放资源
fileInputStream.close();
}
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 2.单独使用for循环(效率低)     

for(int i = 0; i < file.length();i++){
        System.out.print((char)fileInputStream.read());
      }
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//方式二 循环遍历
public static void test2() throws IOException{
//通过时间测试效率
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
File file = new File("C:\\Users\\joke\\Desktop\\Demo1.java");
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
//for循环
for(int i = 0; i < file.length();i++){
System.out.print((char)fileInputStream.read());
}
fileInputStream.close();
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("读取文件所花时间:"+(endTime-startTime));
}
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3.Byte[ ] 缓冲区(只能读取指定的字节数不能读取一个完整的文件)   

byte[] bt = new byte[1024];
      int count = fileInputStream.read(bt);
      System.out.println(new String (bt,0,count));
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//方式三 创建缓冲区(只能读取制定的大小,不能读取一个完整的文件)
public static void test3() throws IOException{
File file = new File("C:\\Users\\joke\\Desktop\\Demo1.java");
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
//创建缓冲区,加快读取数据,确定要读取的字节大小
byte[] bt = new byte[1024];
//read() 读取字节
int count = fileInputStream.read(bt);
System.out.println(count); //显示读取到的字节数
System.out.println(new String (bt,0,count));//将字节转为字符串显示
fileInputStream.close();
}
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4.缓冲区和循环结合。缓冲区一般设置为1024的倍数。理论上设置的缓冲区越大,读取效率越高  

byte[] bt = new byte[1024];
      int count = 0;
      while((count = fileInputStream.read(bt)) != -1){
        System.out.println(new String (bt,0,count));
      }
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//方式四 循环与缓冲区结合(效率高)
public static void test4() throws IOException{
//通过时间测试效率
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
File file = new File("C:\\Users\\joke\\Desktop\\Demo1.java");
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
//缓冲区一般设置为1024的倍数。理论上设置的缓冲区越大,读取效率越高
byte[] bt = new byte[1024];
int count = 0;
//read返回 -1 时,证明已经遍历完
while((count = fileInputStream.read(bt)) != -1){
//字符串型显示(从bt中的第0个字节开始遍历count个长度)
System.out.println(new String (bt,0,count));
}
fileInputStream.close();
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("读取文件所花时间:"+(endTime-startTime));
}
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在以上,对比第二个和第四个方法,会发现方法四的效率是比较高的,所以推荐使用的四个方法

在这里我们是直接抛出异常,除了抛出之外我们还可以使用

try{  }cater{  }finally{  }

的方式来处理异常

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的java IO流 之 输入流 InputString()的使用,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对PHP中文网的支持!

更多java IO流 之 输入流 InputString()的使用相关文章请关注PHP中文网!

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