js regular expression replace variable method

JavaScript正则实战(会根据最近写的不断更新)

1、javascript 正则对象替换创建 和用法： /pattern/flags 先简单案例学习认识下replace能干什么

正则表达式构造函数： new RegExp("pattern"[,"flags"]); 
正则表达式替换变量函数：stringObj.replace(RegExp,replace Text);

参数说明：

pattern -- 一个正则表达式文本 
flags -- 如果存在，将是以下值： 
g: 全局匹配 
i: 忽略大小写 
gi: 以上组合

//下面的例子用来获取url的两个参数，并返回urlRewrite之前的真实Url
var reg=new RegExp("(http://www.qidian.com/BookReader/)(\\d+),(\\d+).aspx","gmi");
var url="http://www.qidian.com/BookReader/1017141,20361055.aspx";
 
//方式一,最简单常用的方式
var rep=url.replace(reg,"$1ShowBook.aspx?bookId=$2&chapterId=$3");
alert(rep);
 
//方式二 ,采用固定参数的回调函数
var rep2=url.replace(reg,function(m,p1,p2,p3){return p1+"ShowBook.aspx?bookId="+p3+"&chapterId="+p3});
alert(rep2);
 
//方式三，采用非固定参数的回调函数
var rep3=url.replace(reg,function(){var args=arguments; return args[1]+"ShowBook.aspx?bookId="+args[2]+"&chapterId="+args[3];});
alert(rep3);
 
 
//方法四
//方式四和方法三很类似, 除了返回替换后的字符串外，还可以单独获取参数
var bookId;
var chapterId;
function capText()
{
  var args=arguments; 
  bookId=args[2];
  chapterId=args[3];
  return args[1]+"ShowBook.aspx?bookId="+args[2]+"&chapterId="+args[3];
}
 
var rep4=url.replace(reg,capText);
alert(rep4);
alert(bookId);
alert(chapterId);
 
 
//使用test方法获取分组
var reg3=new RegExp("(http://www.qidian.com/BookReader/)(\\d+),(\\d+).aspx","gmi");
reg3.test("http://www.qidian.com/BookReader/1017141,20361055.aspx");
//获取三个分组
alert(RegExp.$1); 
alert(RegExp.$2);
alert(RegExp.$3);

2、 学习最常用的 test exec match search  replace  split 6个方法

1） test  检查指定的字符串是否存在
var data = “123123″;
var reCat = /123/gi;
alert(reCat.test(data));  //true
//检查字符是否存在  g 继续往下走  i 不区分大小写

2） exec 返回查询值
var data = “123123,213,12312,312,3,Cat,cat,dsfsdfs,”;
var reCat = /cat/i;
alert(reCat.exec(data));  //Cat

3）match  得到查询数组
var data = “123123,213,12312,312,3,Cat,cat,dsfsdfs,”;
var reCat = /cat/gi;
var arrMactches = data.match(reCat)
for (var i=0;i < arrMactches.length ; i++)
{
alert(arrMactches[i]);   //Cat  cat
}

4） search  返回搜索位置  类似于indexof
var data = “123123,213,12312,312,3,Cat,cat,dsfsdfs,”;
var reCat = /cat/gi;
alert(data.search(reCat));  //23

5） replace  替换字符  利用正则替换
var data = “123123,213,12312,312,3,Cat,cat,dsfsdfs,”;
var reCat = /cat/gi;
alert(data.replace(reCat,”libinqq”));

6）split   利用正则分割数组
var data = “123123,213,12312,312,3,Cat,cat,dsfsdfs,”;
var reCat = /\,/;
var arrdata = data.split(reCat);
for (var i = 0; i < arrdata.length; i++)
{
alert(arrdata[i]);
}
3、常用表达式收集：

"^\\d+$"　　//非负整数（正整数 + 0）
"^[0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*$"　　//正整数
"^((-\\d+)|(0+))$"　　//非正整数（负整数 + 0）
"^-[0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*$"　　//负整数
"^-?\\d+$"　　　　//整数
"^\\d+(\\.\\d+)?$"　　//非负浮点数（正浮点数 + 0）
"^(([0-9]+\\.[0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*)|([0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*\\.[0-9]+)|([0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*))$"
//正浮点数
"^((-\\d+(\\.\\d+)?)|(0+(\\.0+)?))$"　　//非正浮点数（负浮点数 + 0）
"^(-(([0-9]+\\.[0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*)|([0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*\\.[0-9]+)|([0-9]*[1-9][0-9]*)))$"
//负浮点数
"^(-?\\d+)(\\.\\d+)?$"　　//浮点数
"^[A-Za-z]+$"　　//由26个英文字母组成的字符串
"^[A-Z]+$"　　//由26个英文字母的大写组成的字符串
"^[a-z]+$"　　//由26个英文字母的小写组成的字符串
"^[A-Za-z0-9]+$"　　//由数字和26个英文字母组成的字符串
"^\\w+$"　　//由数字、26个英文字母或者下划线组成的字符串
"^[\\w-]+(\\.[\\w-]+)*@[\\w-]+(\\.[\\w-]+)+$"　　　　//email地址
"^[a-zA-z]+://(\\w+(-\\w+)*)(\\.(\\w+(-\\w+)*))*(\\?\\S*)?$"　　//url
"^[A-Za-z0-9_]*$"。

正则表达式基础知识

^ Matches an input or the beginning of a line, /^a/ matches "an A", but does not match "An a"
$ Matches an input or the end of a line, /a$/ matches "An a" , without matching "an A"
* Matches the preceding metacharacter 0 or more times, /ba*/ will match b, ba, baa, baaa
+ Matches the preceding metacharacter 1 or more times, / ba+/ will match ba, baa, baaa
? Match the preceding metacharacter 0 or 1 times, /ba?/ will match b, ba
(x) Match x and save x in a file named $1...$9 In the variable
x|y matches x or y
{n} matches exactly n times
{n,} matches n or more times
{n,m} matches n-m times
[xyz ] Character set, matches any character (or metacharacter) in this set
[^xyz] does not match any character in this set
[\b] matches a backspace Symbol
\b matches the boundary of a word
\B matches the non-boundary of a word
\cX Here, X is a control character, /\cM/ matches Ctrl-M
\d matches a Alphanumeric characters, /\d/ = /[0-9]/
\D matches a non-alphanumeric character, /\D/ = /[^0-9]/
\n matches a newline character
\r matches a carriage return character
\s matches a whitespace character, including \n,\r,\f,\t,\v, etc.
\S matches a non-whitespace character, equal to /[^\ n\f\r\t\v]/
\t Matches a tab character
\v Matches a double tab character
\w Matches a character that can form a word (alphanumeric, this is My free translation, including numbers), including underscores, such as [\w] matches the 5 in "$5.98", which is equal to [a-zA-Z0-9]
\W matches a character that cannot form a word, such as [ \W] matches the $ in "$5.98", which is equal to [^a-zA-Z0-9].

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