Examples to explain the operation method of array Array in JS
The addition and deletion of js array elements has always been confusing. Today I finally found detailed information. Let me give you the code for testing first^-^
var arr = new Array(); arr[0] = "aaa"; arr[1] = "bbb"; arr[2] = "ccc"; //alert(arr.length);//3 arr.pop(); //alert(arr.length);//2 //alert(arr[arr.length-1]);//bbb arr.pop(); //alert(arr[arr.length-1]);//aaa //alert(arr.length);//1 var arr2 = new Array(); //alert(arr2.length);//0 arr2[0] = "aaa"; arr2[1] = "bbb"; //alert(arr2.length);//2 arr2.pop(); //alert(arr2.length);//1 arr2 = arr2.slice(0,arr2.length-1); //alert(arr2.length);//0 arr2[0] = "aaa"; arr2[1] = "bbb"; arr2[2] = "ccc"; arr2 = arr2.slice(0,1); alert(arr2.length);//1 alert(arr2[0]);//aaa alert(arr2[1]);//undefined shift:删除原数组第一项,并返回删除元素的值;如果数组为空则返回undefined var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.shift(); //a:[2,3,4,5] b:1 unshift:将参数添加到原数组开头,并返回数组的长度 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.unshift(-2,-1); //a:[-2,-1,1,2,3,4,5] b:7 注:在IE6.0下测试返回值总为undefined,FF2.0下测试返回值为7,所以这个方法的返回值不可靠,需要用返回值时可用splice代替本方法来使用。 pop:删除原数组最后一项,并返回删除元素的值;如果数组为空则返回undefined var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.pop(); //a:[1,2,3,4] b:5//不用返回的话直接调用就可以了 push:将参数添加到原数组末尾,并返回数组的长度 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.push(6,7); //a:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] b:7 concat:返回一个新数组,是将参数添加到原数组中构成的 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.concat(6,7); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] splice(start,deleteCount,val1,val2,...):从start位置开始删除deleteCount项,并从该位置起插入val1,val2,... 在清空数组时,只需传递startIndex。 如果不删除所有元素,再传递deleteCount参数。 splice还具有先删除后添加的功能,即先删除几个元素,然后在删除的位置再添加若干元素,删除与添加的元素的个数没有必须相等,这时侯deleteCount也是要用到的。 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.splice(2,2,7,8,9); //a:[1,2,7,8,9,5] b:[3,4] var b = a.splice(0,1); //同shift a.splice(0,0,-2,-1); var b = a.length;//同unshift var b = a.splice(a.length-1,1);//同pop a.splice(a.length,0,6,7); var b = a.length; //同push reverse:将数组反序 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.reverse(); //a:[5,4,3,2,1] b:[5,4,3,2,1] sort(orderfunction):按指定的参数对数组进行排序 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.sort(); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:[1,2,3,4,5] slice(start,end):返回从原数组中指定开始下标到结束下标之间的项组成的新数组 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.slice(2,5); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:[3,4,5] join(separator):将数组的元素组起一个字符串,以separator为分隔符,省略的话则用默认用逗号为分隔符 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.join("|"); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:"1|2|3|4|5" 再给个利用数组模拟javaStringBuffer处理字符串的方法: /** * 字符串处理函数 */ function StringBuffer() { var arr = new Array; this.append = function(str) { arr[arr.length] = str; }; this.toString = function() { return arr.join("");//把append进来的数组ping成一个字符串 }; } 今天在应用中突然发现join是一种把数组转换成字符串的好方法,故封装成对象使用了: /** *把数组转换成特定符号分割的字符串 */ function arrayToString(arr,separator) { if(!separator) separator = "";//separator为null则默认为空 return arr.join(separator); } /** * 查找数组包含的字符串 */ function arrayFindString(arr,string) { var str = arr.join(""); return str.indexOf(string); }
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