1. Is JAVA a dynamic language?
Generally speaking, when it comes to dynamic languages, it means that the program structure or variable type is allowed to be changed while the program is running. From this point of view, JAVA, like C++, is not a dynamic language.
But JAVA has a very prominent dynamic related mechanism: reflection. Through reflection, Java can load, detect and use classes that were fully summed during compilation at runtime, generate their object entities, call their methods or set values for properties. So Java is considered a semi-dynamic language.
The concept of reflection:
The reflection mechanism in Java means that in the running state, for any Class, you can know all the properties and methods of this class;
#For any object, you can call any of its methods;
This function of dynamically obtaining information and dynamically calling object methods is called the reflection mechanism of the Java language
2. Dynamic nature
2.1. Dynamic nature
●Generate object instance during runtime;
●Call method during runtime;
●Change properties during runtime
Person p =new Student();
package com.pb.Reflect.classinfo; public class Person { private String name; private String gender; private int age; private Person() { // } public Person(String name, String gender, int age) { super(); this.name = name; this.gender = gender; this.age = age; } //getter、和setter方法 private String getName() { return name; } private void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getGender() { return gender; } public void setGender(String gender) { this.gender = gender; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public String toString(){ return "姓名:"+name+"年龄: "+age; } }
package com.pb.Reflect.classinfo; import java.lang.reflect.Constructor; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; /* * 通过用户输入类的全路径,来获取该类的成员方法和属性 * Declared获取全部不管是私有和公有 * 1.获取访问类的Class对象 * 2.调用Class对象的方法返回访问类的方法和属性信息 */ public class ReflectDemo { /* * 构造方法 */ public ReflectDemo(){ //用户输入类的全路径径 //使用String组件 String classpsth=JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"输入类的全路径"); //使用Class.forName方法根据输入的类的全路径 返回该类的Class对象 try { Class cla = Class.forName(classpsth); //利用Class对象的cla的自审,返回方法对象集合 Method [] method=cla.getDeclaredMethods(); //返回所有的方法 System.out.println("========获取方法信息============"); for (Method meth : method) { //遍历method数组,并输出方法信息 System.out.println(meth.toString()); } System.out.println("========获取出方法信息结束============"); //获取属性利用Class对象的cla的自审,返回成员属性对象集合 Field [] field=cla.getDeclaredFields(); System.out.println("========获取成员属性信息============"); for (Field f : field) { System.out.println(f.toString()); } System.out.println("========获取成员属性信息结束============"); //获取属性利用Class对象的cla的自审,返回构造方法集合 Constructor [] constructor=cla.getDeclaredConstructors(); System.out.println("========获取成员构造方法信息============"); for (Constructor constru : constructor) { System.out.println(constru.toString()); } System.out.println("========获取成员构造方法信息结束============"); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); System.out.println("路径输入错误!"); } } }
package com.pb.Reflect.classinfo; public class TestReflection { public static void main(String[] args) { ReflectDemo rd=new ReflectDemo(); } }
========获取方法信息============ public java.lang.String com.pb.Reflect.classinfo.Person.getGender() public void com.pb.Reflect.classinfo.Person.setGender(java.lang.String) public int com.pb.Reflect.classinfo.Person.getAge() public void com.pb.Reflect.classinfo.Person.setAge(int) public java.lang.String com.pb.Reflect.classinfo.Person.toString() private java.lang.String com.pb.Reflect.classinfo.Person.getName() private void com.pb.Reflect.classinfo.Person.setName(java.lang.String) ========获取出方法信息结束============ ========获取成员属性信息============ private java.lang.String com.pb.Reflect.classinfo.Person.name private java.lang.String com.pb.Reflect.classinfo.Person.gender private int com.pb.Reflect.classinfo.Person.age ========获取成员属性信息结束============ ========获取构造方法信息============ private com.pb.Reflect.classinfo.Person() public com.pb.Reflect.classinfo.Person(java.lang.String,java.lang.String,int) ========获取构造方法信息结束============