SVG基础|绘制SVG矩形

一个
一个SVG矩形的简单例子
下面是一个绘制SVG矩形的简单例子。
SVG矩形的位置由x和y属性决定。请记住,这个位置是相对于任何它最接近的父元素的位置。
SVG矩形的尺寸由width和height属性决定。
style属性允许你为矩形设置附加的样式,如描边色,描边宽度和填充色等。
下面的图形是上面代码的返回结果:

圆角矩形
我们也可以绘制圆角的SVG矩形。rx和ry属性用于决定矩形圆角的大小。rx属性决定圆角的宽度,ry属性则决定圆角的高度。下面的例子中,三个矩形的圆角分别被设置为5像素、10像素和15像素,请注意观察他们各自圆角的大小变化。
上面的代码的返回结果如下:

上面的例子中,三个圆角矩形的rx和ry值都是相同的。如果你单独设置了rx的值,那么ry的值和rx相同。这是定义SVG圆角矩形的简写方式。
下面的两个例子中,rx的值都设置为10像素,但是ry的值分别设置为5像素和15像素。这两个例子展示了矩形圆角的宽度和高度不相同时的情况。
上面的代码的返回结果如下:

描边矩形
你可以使用stroke属性来设置SVG矩形的边框属性。下面的例子设置矩形的边框为绿色,边框的宽度为3像素。
- style="stroke: #009900;
- stroke-width: 3;
- fill: none;
- "
- />
- style="stroke: #009900;
上面的代码的返回结果如下:

你还可以使用stroke-dasharray属性将矩形的边框设置为虚线。看下面的例子:
- style="stroke: #009900;
- stroke-width: 3;
- stroke-dasharray: 10 5;
- fill: none;
- "
- />
- style="stroke: #009900;
上面的代码的返回结果如下:

填充矩形
你可以使用fill属性来为SVG矩形填充颜色。例如将矩形的颜色填充为none。
- style="stroke: #009900;
- fill: none;
- "
- />
- style="stroke: #009900;
这时,SVG矩形的填充色将和浏览器的页面颜色一样。

你也可以选择一种颜色来填充矩形。下面的例子将矩形填充为绿色。
- style="stroke: #009900;
- fill: #33ff33;
- "
- />
- style="stroke: #009900;

最后,你可以用fill-opacity属性来设置填充矩形的透明度。下面的例子中,两个句子部分叠加在一起,上面的矩形设置为50%的填充透明度。
- style="stroke: #009900;
- fill: #33ff33;
- "
- />
- style="stroke: #000099;
- fill: #3333ff;
- fill-opacity: 0.5;
- "
- />
- style="stroke: #009900;
上面的代码的返回结果如下:

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