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HTML5里的placeholder属性

May 17, 2016 am 09:07 AM

       HTML5里新引入很多有趣的新特征;有些体现在HTML里,有些是JavaScript API,全部非常的有用。其中我最喜欢的一个特征就是文本框(INPUT)里的placeholder属性。placeholder属性能够让你在文本框里显示提示信息,一旦你在文本框里输入了什么信息,提示信息就会隐藏。你以前可能无数次看到这种效果,但那些大部分是用JavaScript里实现的,而现在,HTML5提供了原生支持,而且效果更好!

HTML5里的placeholder属性



HTML代码

复制代码

你也看见了,需要做的只是在文本框的声明标签上加入placeholder属性。完全不需要JavaScript来创造这种效果。

检查浏览器是否支持Placeholder属性

因为placeholder是一种新属性,很有必要检查一下你的浏览器是否支持它,比如IE6、IE8肯定是不支持的:

  1. function hasPlaceholderSupport() {
  2.         var input = document.createElement('input');
  3.         return ('placeholder' in input);
  4. }
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如果用户的浏览器不支持placeholder特征,你需要借助MooTools, Dojo, 或其它JavaScript工具来实现它:

  1. /* mootools ftw! */
  2. var firstNameBox = $('first_name'),
  3.         message = firstNameBox.get('placeholder');
  4. firstNameBox.addEvents({
  5.         focus: function() {
  6.                 if(firstNameBox.value == message) { searchBox.value = ''; }
  7.         },
  8.         blur: function() {
  9.                 if(firstNameBox.value == '') { searchBox.value = message; }
  10.         }
  11. });
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用CSS美化placeholder

前一篇文章里我写了如何用CSS美化鼠标选择的文字。在进一步研究时我发现了另外一个有趣的CSS功能:CSS美化INPUT placeholder效果。下面让我来用简单的CSS代码美化文本框里的placeholder文字。

观看演示

CSS代码

火狐浏览器里的用法和谷歌浏览器里不太一样。它们的名称都很好理解:

  1. /* all */
  2. ::-webkit-input-placeholder { color:#f00; }
  3. ::-moz-placeholder { color:#f00; } /* firefox 19+ */
  4. :-ms-input-placeholder { color:#f00; } /* ie */
  5. input:-moz-placeholder { color:#f00; }

  6. /* individual: webkit */
  7. #field2::-webkit-input-placeholder { color:#00f; }
  8. #field3::-webkit-input-placeholder { color:#090; background:lightgreen; text-transform:uppercase; }
  9. #field4::-webkit-input-placeholder { font-style:italic; text-decoration:overline; letter-spacing:3px; color:#999; }

  10. /* individual: mozilla */
  11. #field2::-moz-placeholder { color:#00f; }
  12. #field3::-moz-placeholder { color:#090; background:lightgreen; text-transform:uppercase; }
  13. #field4::-moz-placeholder { font-style:italic; text-decoration:overline; letter-spacing:3px; color:#999; }
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你可以控制placeholder文字的字体、颜色和风格。你甚至可以将文本框的placeholder以动画方式显示。 美化你的文本框都是些看起来很小的事情,但对于一些交互式的网站来说,成功的关键就在于细节。现在IE10里也只支持placeholder了,相信越来越多的人会使用这种原生的placeholder效果。

via:http://www.webhek.com/html5-placeholder?rel=http://geek.csdn.net

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