Detailed explanation of precautions for using PHP curl function to send Post requests

黄舟
Release: 2023-03-06 07:28:02
Original
1698 people have browsed it

Preface
I encountered a requirement at work a few days ago. When the user clicks a certain button, a post request is initiated to me in the background, and I accept the passed data. At first, my colleague sent it using the

http_request()
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method encapsulated publicly in the company framework. The code is as follows:

public function http_request( $url, $post = '', $timeout = 5 ){ 
 if( empty( $url ) ){
  return ;
 }
 $ch = curl_init();
 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);
 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE);
 
 if( $post != '' && !empty( $post ) ){
  curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
  curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $post);
  curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Content-Type: application/json', 'Content-Length: ' . strlen($post)));
 }
 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, $timeout);
 $result = curl_exec($ch);
 curl_close($ch);
 return $result;
 }
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At first, I didn’t notice that the data passed was

application/json
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.

Encoded json string, I directly use the data method that accepts the

application/x-www-form-urlencoded
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encoding format to get the passed data in the background (that is, directly using the

$_POST
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method), Of course, nothing was obtained. Later, my colleague directly changed the

http_request()
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method and directly passed the data in the

application/x-www-form-urlencoded
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encoding format. I did not make any changes.

Regarding the above question, I have always wondered why I didn’t get the data passed at that time.

The project is basically completed today, and the following has been studied. When the

curl()
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function in

makes a post request, the format of the data can be passed in the following ways:

(1): Spliced ​​by parameters The resulting

key=>value
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key-value pair string. The format is as follows:

name=xxx&age=23$sex=1
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This request parameter is encoded according to

application/x-www-form-urlencoded
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by default.
(2): An array of

key=>value
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key-value pairs composed of parameters (can only be a one-dimensional array, higher-dimensional arrays will report an error).

The format is as follows:

[ name="xxx" , age = 23 , sex = 男 ]
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This request parameter is encoded according to the

multipart/form-data
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format by default.

As mentioned above,

curl()
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When making a post request, only one-dimensional arrays can be passed as parameters. So what should be done if you want to pass multi-dimensional arrays?

There are two ways to deal with it, namely method 3 and method 4 below.

(3): Process the multi-dimensional array

http_build_query()
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and wait for a string in key=>value key-value pair format.

As shown below:

$data = [
          "msg"=>"这是一条测试数据",
          "xxx" => "yyyy",
          "msg_data" => [
                          "name"=>"sunms",
                          "age"=>23,
                          "sex"=>"男",
                          "content"=>[
                                 1,2,3
                                ]
                       ],
       ];
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will get the following string:

msg=这是一条测试数据&xxx=yyyy&msg_data[name]=sunms&msg_data[age]=23&msg_data[sex]=男&msg_data[content][0]=1&msg_data[content][1]=2&msg_data[content][2]=3
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This method is also encoded through the

application/x-www-form-urlencoded进
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line, and can be obtained directly through $_POST on the receiving side.

(4): Convert the multi-dimensional array into a string in json format, encode the string in

application/json
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format, and pass

file_get_contents(“php://input”)
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or

on the receiving side
$GLOBALS[‘HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA']
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method to obtain the passed json format string, and then convert the json format string into an array for processing.

$data = [];
$data_string = json_encode($data);
.....
//设置header信息
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array(
               'Content-Type: application/json',
               'Content-Length: ' . strlen($data_string))
      );
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Note: For data encoded in the

application/json
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format,

$_POST
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cannot be obtained directly. It needs to be obtained through

file_get_contents(“php://input”)
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or

$GLOBALS[‘HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA']
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.

Summary
The above is a detailed explanation of the precautions for using the curl function to send Post requests in PHP. For more related content, please pay attention to the PHP Chinese website (www.php.cn)!

Related articles:

The url parameter problem when php uses curl to initiate a get request

Using curl to send requests (GET requests and POST requests) in PHP

PHP development skills (8)-CURL request code details

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