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HTML5 应用程序缓存(Application Cache)

May 17, 2016 am 09:08 AM

HTML5 应用程序缓存(Application Cache)

1.应用程序缓存(Application Cache):

  通过使用manifest并配置文件列表

  应用程序缓存为应用带来三个优势:

  •离线浏览 - 用户可在应用离线时使用它们

  •速度 - 已缓存资源加载得更快

  •减少服务器负载 - 浏览器将只从服务器下载更新过或更改过的资源。


  2.如何实现


  2.1服务器配置步骤如下:

  在服务器上添加MIME TYPE支比如 Apache 中可在 .htaccess 中添加:AddType text/cache-manifest manifest


  2.2创建Manifest 文件

  manifest 文件是简单的文本文件,它告知浏览器被缓存的内容(以及不缓存的内容)。

  manifest 文件可分为三个部分:

  l CACHE MANIFEST - 在此标题下列出的文件将在首次下载后进行缓存

  l NETWORK - 在此标题下列出的文件需要与服务器的连接,且不会被缓存

  l FALLBACK - 在此标题下列出的文件规定当页面无法访问时的回退页面(比如 404 页面)

  CACHE MANIFEST

  第一行,CACHE MANIFEST,是必需的:


  2.2.1CACHE MANIFEST

  /theme.css

  /logo.gif

  /main.js

  上面的 manifest 文件列出了三个资源:一个 CSS 文件,一个 GIF 图像,以及一个 JavaScript 文件。当 manifest 文件加载后,浏览器会从网站的根目录下载这三个文件。然后,无论用户何时与因特网断开连接,这些资源依然是可用的。


  2.2.2NETWORK

  下面的 NETWORK 小节规定文件 "login.asp" 永远不会被缓存,且离线时是不可用的:

  NETWORK:

  login.asp

  可以使用星号来指示所有其他其他资源/文件都需要因特网连接:

  NETWORK:

  *


  2.2.3FALLBACK

  下面的 FALLBACK 小节规定如果无法建立因特网连接,则用 "offline.html" 替代 /html5/ 目录中的所有文件:

  FALLBACK:

  /html5/ /404.html


  3.更新缓存

  一旦应用被缓存,它就会保持缓存直到发生下列情况:

  l 用户清空浏览器缓存

  l manifest 文件被修改

  l 由程序来更新应用缓存


  4.Chrome浏览器来测试缓存是否成功

  在Chorme浏览器中输入缓存页面的网址

  使用Chrome的chrome://cache/命令查看

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