XML Development Basics-XML Validation Code Sharing
XMLwith correct syntax is called "well-formed" XML.
XML that has been verified by a certain DTD is "valid" XML.
Well-formed XML document
A "well-formed" XML document has correct syntax.
A "well-formed" XML document will comply with the XML syntax rules introduced in the previous chapters:
The XML document must have a root element
The XML document must have a closing tag
XML tags are case-sensitive
XML elements must be nested correctly
XMLAttributesMust be quoted
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <note> <to>George</to> <from>John</from> <heading>Reminder</heading> <body>Don't forget the meeting this weekend!</body> </note>
Validating XML documents
A valid XML document is a "well-formed" XML document that also adheres to the syntax rules of the Document Type Definition (DTD):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!DOCTYPE note SYSTEM "Note.dtd"> <note> <to>George</to> <from>John</from> <heading>Reminder</heading> <body>Don't forget the meeting this weekend!</body> </note>
In the above example, the DOCTYPE declaration is A reference to an external DTD file. The following paragraphs show the contents of this file.
XML DTD
The function of DTD is to define the structure of XML document. It uses a series of legal elements to define the document structure:
<!DOCTYPE note [ <!ELEMENT note (to,from,heading,body)> <!ELEMENT to (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT from (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT heading (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT body (#PCDATA)> ]>
XML Schema
W3C Supports an XML-based DTD replacement called XMLSchema:
<xs:element name="note"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> <xs:element name="to" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="from" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="heading" type="xs:string"/> <xs:element name="body" type="xs:string"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element>
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